SpringBoot万字爆肝高级配置
作者:不会压弯的小飞侠
@ConfigurationProperties注入
创建一个新的模板
此过程就不在这介绍了,在我SpringBoot专栏里有详细过程。
⭐⭐⭐注意的是加入所需的支持这什么也不勾选。
ServerConfig.java
package com.jkj.config; import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "servers") @Component @Data public class ServerConfig { private String ipAddress; private int port; private long timeout; }
⭐⭐⭐注意:
@Data
为当前实体类在编译期设置对应的get/set,toString方法,hashCode方法,equals方法等。
需要导入lomok的依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency>
编写application.yml
servers:
ipAddress: 168.225.0.15
port: 1234
timeout: -1
编写ConfigurationApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication public class ConfigurationApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext cac = SpringApplication.run(ConfigurationApplication.class, args); ServerConfig bean = cac.getBean(ServerConfig.class); System.out.println(bean); } }
运行结果:ServerConfig(ipAddress=168.225.0.15, port=123456, timeout=-1)
给第三方Bean绑定属性
方式一
🔥编写ConfigurationApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication public class ConfigurationApplication { @Bean public DruidDataSource dataSource(){ DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource(); ds.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); return ds; } public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext cac = SpringApplication.run(ConfigurationApplication.class, args); ServerConfig bean = cac.getBean(ServerConfig.class); System.out.println(bean); DruidDataSource ds = cac.getBean(DruidDataSource.class); System.out.println(ds); } }
运行结果:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
方式二
使用@ConfigurationProperties为第三方bean绑定属性
🔥编写application.yml
servers:
ipAddress: 168.225.0.15
port: 1234
timeout: -1
dataSource:
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
🔥编写ConfigurationApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication public class ConfigurationApplication { @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "datasource") public DruidDataSource dataSource(){ DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource(); return ds; } public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext cac = SpringApplication.run(ConfigurationApplication.class, args); ServerConfig bean = cac.getBean(ServerConfig.class); System.out.println(bean); DruidDataSource ds = cac.getBean(DruidDataSource.class); System.out.println(ds.getDriverClassName()); } }
运行结果:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
@EnableconfigurationProperties
@EnableConfigurationProperties注解可以将使用@ConfigurationProperties注解对应的类加入Spring容器
🔥ConfigurationApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigurationProperties(ServerConfig.class) public class ConfigurationApplication { @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "datasource") public DruidDataSource dataSource(){ DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource(); return ds; } public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext cac = SpringApplication.run(ConfigurationApplication.class, args); ServerConfig bean = cac.getBean(ServerConfig.class); System.out.println(bean); DruidDataSource ds = cac.getBean(DruidDataSource.class); System.out.println(ds.getDriverClassName()); } }
🔥ServerConfig.java
package com.jkj.config; import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "servers") @Data public class ServerConfig { private String ipAddress; private int port; private long timeout; }
⭐⭐⭐注意:@EnableConfigurationProperties
与@Component
不能同时使用
解除使用@ConfigurationProperties注释警告
加入依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> </dependency>
宽松绑定
- 宽松绑定就是configrationProperties注入的书写规范并不严格,大小写,下划线、中划线、springboot都可以忽略。
- @ConfigurationProperties绑定属性支持属性名宽松绑定。
以ipAddress为例:
🔥驼峰模式
ipAddress: 168.225.0.15
🔥下划线模式
ip_address: 168.225.0.15
🔥中划线模式
IP_ADD_R-E-SS: 168.225.0.15
🔥常量模式
IP_ADDRESS: 168.225.0.15
🔥大写模式
IPADDRESS: 168.225.0.15
🔥烤肉串模式(推荐使用)
ip-address: 168.225.0.15
宽松绑定不支持注解@Value引用单个属性的方式
🔥测试:
package com.jkj; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; @SpringBootTest class Springboot06ConfigurationApplicationTests { @Value("${servers.ipAddress}") private String msg; @Test void contextLoads() { System.out.println(msg); } }
报错信息:Could not resolve placeholder 'servers.ipAddress' in value "${servers.ipAddress}"
常量计量单位绑定
SpringBoot支持JDK8提供的时间与空间计量单位
package com.jkj.config; import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.boot.convert.DataSizeUnit; import org.springframework.boot.convert.DurationUnit; import org.springframework.util.unit.DataSize; import org.springframework.util.unit.DataUnit; import java.time.Duration; import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit; @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "servers") @Data public class ServerConfig { private String ipAddress; private int port; private long timeout; @DurationUnit(ChronoUnit.DAYS) private Duration serverTimeOut; @DataSizeUnit(DataUnit.TERABYTES) private DataSize dataSize; }
🔥常用计量单位 ChronoUnit
DataUnit
数据校验
🔥添加了SR303规范坐标与Hibernate校验框架对应坐标
<dependency> <groupId>javax.validation</groupId> <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId> </dependency>
🔥使用hibernate框架提供的校验器做实现类
<dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> </dependency>
🔥对Bean开启校验功能
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "servers") @Validated @Data public class ServerConfig { private String ipAddress; private int port; private long timeout; }
🔥设置校验规则
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "servers") @Validated @Data public class ServerConfig { private String ipAddress; @Max(value = 9999,message = "最大值不能超过9999") @Min(value = 1111,message = "最小值不能超过1111") private int port; private long timeout; }
🔥yml文件中port设置为1234,测试结果如下
进制数据转换规则
案例模拟
🔥编写application.yml
servers:
ipAddress: 168.225.0.15
port: 1234
timeout: -1
dataSource:
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
password: 0123
🔥编写ConfigureApplication,java
package com.jkj; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; @SpringBootTest class Springboot06ConfigurationApplicationTests { @Value("${dataSource.Password}") private Password psw; @Test void contextLoads() { System.out.println(psw); } }
测试结果是个八进制的83。
⭐⭐⭐注意:根据字面值表达方式,String类型的需要使用双引号包裹。
🔥重新编写application.yml
servers:
ipAddress: 168.225.0.15
port: 1234
timeout: -1
dataSource:
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
password: "0123"
运行结果:
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