docker搭建Hadoop CDH高可用集群实现
作者:每天都要加油呀!
首先我们为了之后继续搭建软件,这里没有使用docker-compose,而是通过构建四台centos,再在里面搭建我们所需要的组件
宿主机最好提供10 GB的RAM,硬盘占用大概会在40G以上
本次采用的在线安装方式,cdh为6.3.2版本,系统为centos7.4, docker节点可以为任意多个,下文将以3个docker容器为示例进行展示。此方法也可用在docker swarm上,docker容器能够互连,网络互通即可
离线安装包地址:
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1vMm0yMYya2vhbEabeJMPHQ 提取码: xbrx
0. docker安装
卸载(可选)
如果之前安装过旧版本的Docker,可以使用下面命令卸载:
yum remove docker \ docker-client \ docker-client-latest \ docker-common \ docker-latest \ docker-latest-logrotate \ docker-logrotate \ docker-selinux \ docker-engine-selinux \ docker-engine \ docker-ce
安装docker
首先需要大家虚拟机联网,安装yum工具
yum install -y yum-utils \ device-mapper-persistent-data \ lvm2 --skip-broken
然后更新本地镜像源:
# 设置docker镜像源 yum-config-manager \ --add-repo \ https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo # 第二步 sed -i 's/download.docker.com/mirrors.aliyun.com\/docker-ce/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo # 第三步 yum makecache fast
然后输入命令:
yum install -y docker-ce
docker-ce为社区免费版本。稍等片刻,docker即可安装成功。
1. 构建Centos-cdh镜像
宿主机初始化
yum install -y wget \ && mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/repo_bak \ && mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/repo_bak/ \ && wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo \ && wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo \ && yum clean all \ && yum makecache \ && yum update –y
构建容器的Dockerfile
文件(创建这个文件)
FROM docker.io/ansible/centos7-ansible RUN yum -y install openssh-server RUN yum -y install bind-utils RUN yum -y install which RUN yum -y install sudo
在Dockerfile同级目录执行:
docker build -t centos7-cdh .
生成要用的基础centos7的镜像
接着我们给镜像创建一个网桥
docker network create --subnet=172.10.0.0/16 hadoop_net && docker network ls
启动容器
docker run -d \ --add-host cm.hadoop:172.10.0.2 \ --net hadoop_net \ --ip 172.10.0.2 \ -h cm.hadoop \ -p 10022:22 \ -p 7180:7180 \ --restart always \ --name cm.hadoop \ --privileged \ centos7-cdh \ /usr/sbin/init \ && docker ps
参数解释:
- run -d # 后台启动
- --add-host cm.hadoop:172.10.0.2 # 给容器分配一个固定的ip,主机名为:cm.hadoop
- --net hadoop_net # 将容器加入到上一步创建的网桥中
- -p # 端口映射
- --restart always # docker重启后会自动开启此容器
- --name cm.hadoop # 给容器起名字,在docker中可以用主机名代替ip镜像访问
- --privileged # 声明此容器可以定制化,例如使container内的root拥有真正的root权限等
2. 容器安装ClouderaManager
2.1 初始化环境
我们进入容器,配置一些东西
docker exec -it cm.hadoop bash
将root的登录密码改为root
$ su root $ passwd $ root $ root
安装基础环境
yum install -y kde-l10n-Chinese telnet reinstall glibc-common vim wget ntp net-tools && yum clean all
此步如果出错,请尝试容器是否可以正常联网,检查docker网桥设置
2.2 配置中文环境变量
vim ~/.bashrc
,在末尾添加
export LC_ALL=zh_CN.utf8 export LANG=zh_CN.utf8 export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.utf8
执行
localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8 \ && source ~/.bashrc \ && echo $LANG
2.3 设置NTP时间同步服务
这一步是必须要做的,因为hadoop集群如果时间不同步会出现通讯失败的情况
安装ntp
yum install ntp -y
同步时间
ntpdate -u ntp1.aliyun.com
修改时区
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
再创建一个定时任务,用于定时同步时间(防止虚拟机停止后时间异常)
crontab -e # 添加 0 */2 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
启动ntp服务
systemctl start ntpd && \ systemctl enable ntpd && \ date
2.4 安装mysql
使用wget安装(也可以单独部署,单独部署这里不再赘述):
mkdir -p /root/hadoop__CHD/mysql \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql/mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar \ https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar \ && ls /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql
使用wget会非常的慢,我们可以上传给宿主机,然后通过docker命令拷贝给centos-chd
# 前提是容器的/root/hadoop_CHD/mysql目录必须事先创建。 docker cp mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar {容器ID}:/root/hadoop_CHD/mysql
准备MySQL JDBC驱动
mkdir -p /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc/mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.tar.gz \ https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.tar.gz \ && ls /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc
2.5 准备Cloudera-Manager安装包
这样下载很慢,建议用finalshell等工具直接从自己的电脑上上传到虚拟机中,直接连接宿主机的10022端口即可
mkdir -p /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/allkeys.asc \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/allkeys.asc \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/cloudera-manager-agent-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-agent-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-daemons-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/cloudera-manager-server-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-server-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/cloudera-manager-server-db-2-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/cloudera-manager-server-db-2-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/enterprise-debuginfo-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/enterprise-debuginfo-6.3.0-1281944.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/oracle-j2sdk1.8-1.8.0+update181-1.x86_64.rpm \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cm6/6.3.0/redhat7/yum/RPMS/x86_64/oracle-j2sdk1.8-1.8.0+update181-1.x86_64.rpm \ && ll /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos
准备Parcel包
mkdir -p /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel/ CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554-el7.parcel \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cdh6/6.3.2/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554-el7.parcel \ && wget -O /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel/manifest.json \ https://archive.cloudera.com/cdh6/6.3.2/parcels/manifest.json \ && ll /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel
搭建本地yum源
yum -y install httpd createrepo \ && systemctl start httpd \ && systemctl enable httpd \ && cd /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos/ && createrepo . \ && mv /root/hadoop_CHD/cloudera-repos /var/www/html/ \ && yum clean all \ && ll /var/www/html/cloudera-repos
2.6 安装jdk
yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64
查看一下:
java -version
jdk会默认安装在/usr/lib/jvm
目录下:
这样安装没有配置JAVA_HOME
,我们需要进一步配置,不然后面安装会报错
( cat <<EOF #set java environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0-openjdk PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH EOF ) >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile && java -version
2.7 启动前准备
安装配置MySQL数据库(采用docker独立安装跳过此步)
cd /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql/ \ && tar -xvf mysql-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar \ && yum install -y libaio numactl \ && rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \ && echo character-set-server=utf8 >> /etc/my.cnf \ && rm -rf /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql/ \ && yum clean all \ && rpm -qa |grep mysql
建数据库表
( cat <<EOF set password for root@localhost = password('123456Aa.'); grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456Aa.'; flush privileges; CREATE DATABASE scm DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE amon DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE rman DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE hue DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE metastore DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE sentry DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE nav DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE navms DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE oozie DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; GRANT ALL ON scm.* TO 'scm'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON amon.* TO 'amon'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON rman.* TO 'rman'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON hue.* TO 'hue'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON metastore.* TO 'hive'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON sentry.* TO 'sentry'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON nav.* TO 'nav'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON navms.* TO 'navms'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; GRANT ALL ON oozie.* TO 'oozie'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456Aa.'; SHOW DATABASES; EOF ) >> /root/c.sql
保存为:/root/c.sql
获取MySQL初始密码
systemctl start mysqld && grep password /var/log/mysqld.log | sed 's/.*(............)$/1/'
执行SQL脚本
mysql -u root -p
输入查询出的默认密码,然后执行:
source /root/c.sql
配置mysql jdbc驱动
$ mkdir -p /usr/share/java/ $ cd /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc/ $ tar -zxvf mysql-connector-java-5.1.48.tar.gz $ cp /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc/mysql-connector-java-5.1.48/mysql-connector-java-5.1.48-bin.jar /usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar $ rm -rf /root/hadoop_CHD/mysql-jdbc/ $ ls /usr/share/java/
这里有坑,就是这个驱动版本不能太高,刚开始我的是5.1.47的驱动,然后就会报错,换了5.1.6的就好了(手动上传),还有就是驱动不能带版本号
名字要为mysql-connector-java.jar
安装Cloudera Manager
( cat <<EOF [cloudera-manager] name=Cloudera Manager 6.3.0 baseurl=http://172.10.0.2/cloudera-repos/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 EOF ) >> /etc/yum.repos.d/cloudera-manager.repo \ && yum clean all \ && yum makecache \ && yum install -y cloudera-manager-daemons cloudera-manager-agent cloudera-manager-server \ && yum clean all \ && rpm -qa | grep cloudera-manager
配置parcel库
cd /opt/cloudera/parcel-repo/;mv /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel/* ./ \ && sha1sum CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554-el7.parcel | awk '{ print $1 }' > CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554-el7.parcel.sha \ && rm -rf /root/hadoop_CHD/parcel/ \ && chown -R cloudera-scm:cloudera-scm /opt/cloudera/parcel-repo/* \ && ll /opt/cloudera/parcel-repo/
初始化scm库
/opt/cloudera/cm/schema/scm_prepare_database.sh mysql scm scm 123456Aa.
接着上面的,如果驱动没有问题
启动cloudera-server服务
systemctl start cloudera-scm-server.service \ && sleep 2 \ && tail -f /var/log/cloudera-scm-server/cloudera-scm-server.log | grep "INFO WebServerImpl:com.cloudera.server.cmf.WebServerImpl: Started Jetty server"
这里如果出错,请多看错误日志,一般为驱动未找到,或者是bean构建失败等等,如果失败不要反复重启服务,因为scm
数据库里面的数据很可能会出现问题,应该删除该数据库再重新启动
到这里如果没有什么问题,你可以在你的浏览器里面看到页面,http://IP:7180/cmf/login 账号密码:admin/admin
先别急着操作,先配置两个slave结点
3. 配置CDH的worker节点
以下为worker容器的准备方式,若为多个时,重复执行以下步骤,创建多个worker节点
3.1 创建多个worker容器
创建2个work容器
Worker-1:
docker run -d \ --add-host cm.hadoop:172.10.0.2 \ --add-host cdh01.hadoop:172.10.0.3 \ --net hadoop_net \ --ip 172.10.0.3 \ -h cdh01.hadoop \ -p 20022:22 \ --restart always \ --name cdh01.hadoop \ --privileged \ centos7-cdh \ /usr/sbin/init \ && docker ps
Worker-2:
docker run -d \ --add-host cm.hadoop:172.10.0.2 \ --add-host cdh02.hadoop:172.10.0.4 \ --net hadoop_net \ --ip 172.10.0.4 \ -h cdh02.hadoop \ -p 30022:22 \ --restart always \ --name cdh02.hadoop \ --privileged \ centos7-cdh \ /usr/sbin/init \ && docker ps
到这里正常的话我们就有三台主机了
和之前的操作一样,先安装基本工具
上一步创建的所有容器均执行,修改root的登录密码改为root
$ su root $ passwd $ root $ root
然后执行
配置中文环境
yum install -y kde-l10n-Chinese telnet reinstall glibc-common vim wget ntp net-tools && yum clean all
3.2 环境配置
配置中文环境变量
( cat <<EOF export LC_ALL=zh_CN.utf8 export LANG=zh_CN.utf8 export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.utf8 EOF ) >> ~/.bashrc \ && localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8 \ && source ~/.bashrc \ && echo $LANG
这一步是必须要做的,因为hadoop集群如果时间不同步会出现通讯失败的情况
安装ntp
yum install ntp -y
同步时间
ntpdate -u ntp1.aliyun.com
修改时区
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
再创建一个定时任务,用于定时同步时间(防止虚拟机停止后时间异常)
crontab -e# 添加0 */2 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
启动ntp服务
systemctl start ntpd && \ systemctl enable ntpd && \ date
配置MySQL JDBC
这里为了防止出错,建议配置和master结点一样的驱动,且不要带版本号
mkdir -p /usr/share/java/
上传驱动即可
修改CM主机的host文件
这样我们可以很方便的使用后面的名字访问这些主机
echo "172.10.0.3 cdh01.hadoop cdh01" >> /etc/hosts echo "172.10.0.4 cdh02.hadoop cdh02" >> /etc/hosts
这里我们还可以配置一下免密码登录
4. CM管理平台创建CDH集群
4.1 登陆CM管理平台
http://IP:7180/cmf/login 账号密码:admin/admin
欢迎界面:
此面一直点击
继续
,需要同意条款的同意条款
然后就可以来到集群安装的欢迎界面
我们来安装集群
选择继续,并给集群起一个名字
设置主机地址: 172.10.0.[2-4]
选择存储
自定义存储库:http://172.10.0.2/cloudera-repos
Jdk安装
SSH凭据,密码为容器root用户的登录密码,此处为root
安装代理
安装大数据组件
集群状态检查
集群设置
选择你要安装的组件
选择好你要安装的大数据组件,然后点继续
这里如果选择了hive之类的组件,需要在cm结点上创建一个数据库,可以用组件名命名
CREATE DATABASE scm DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; CREATE DATABASE hive DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; grant all privileges on scm.* to scm@'localhost' identified by '密码'; grant all privileges on scm.* to scm@'%' identified by '密码'; grant all privileges on hive.* to hive@'localhost' identified by '密码'; grant all privileges on hive.* to hive@'%' identified by '密码'; CREATE DATABASE hue DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; grant all privileges on hue.* to hue@'%' identified by '密码'; grant all privileges on hue.* to hue@'localhost' identified by '密码2'; CREATE DATABASE rm DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci; grant all privileges on rm.* to rm@'localhost' identified by '密码'; grant all privileges on rm.* to rm@'%' identified by '密码'; flush privileges;
红色表示必填的项目
Datanode-> /dfs/datanode
Namenode-> /dfs/namenode
HDFS检查点-> /dfs/checkpoint
NodeManager 本地目录-> /dfs/nodemanager
然后就等待集群构建完成!
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