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SpringBoot前后端json数据交互的全过程记录

作者：北冥友余

现在大多数互联网项目都是采用前后端分离的方式开发,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于SpringBoot前后端json数据交互的相关资料,文中通过实例代码介绍的非常详细,需要的朋友可以参考下

一、参考文献

原生Ajax与JQuery Ajax

SpringMVC接受JSON参数详解及常见错误总结

Controller接收参数以及参数校验

AJAX POST请求中参数以form data和request payload形式在servlet中的获取方式

二、勇敢尝试

前端js发送ajax请求（ application/x-www-form-urlencoded ）

       var jsonObj = {"openid":"xxx","username":"Ed sheeran","password":"123"};
          /*
              Jquery默认Content-Type为application/x-www-form-urlencoded类型
           */
          $.ajax({
              type: 'POST',
              url: "/login",
              dataType: "json",
              data: JSON.stringify(jsonObj),
              success: function(data) {
                  console.log(data)
              },
              error: function() {
                  console.log("fucking error")
              }
          });

后端Servlet接受参数。前端报 200，后端报 返回值都是null

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(HttpServletRequest request){
      System.err.println(request.getParameter("openid"));
      System.err.println(request.getParameter("username"));
      System.err.println(request.getParameter("password"));
}

后端改 @RequestParam 接受参数。前端报 404，后端报 Required String parameter ‘username’ is not present

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestParam("username") String username,
                    @RequestParam("password") String password,
                    @RequestParam("openid") String openid){
      System.err.println(username);
      System.err.println(password);
      System.err.println(openid);
  }

后端改 @RequestBody 接受参数。前端报 415，后端报 Content type ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8’ not supported

Http status 415 Unsupported Media Type

What is 415 ?

HTTP 415 Unsupported Media Type

The client error response code indicates that the server refuses to accept the request because the payload format is in an unsupported format.

Let’s look at the broswer ?

How to resolve 405 problem when using ajax post @ResponseBody return json data ?

spring-webmvc.x.x.jar

jackson-databind.jar

jackson-core.jar

jackson-annotations.jar

  • In Spring Configuration file,add following code
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.
annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
    <property name="messageConverters">  
        <list>  
            <ref bean="jsonHttpMessageConverter" />  
        </list>  
    </property>  
</bean>  

<bean id="jsonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.
MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">  
    <property name="supportedMediaTypes">  
        <list>  
          <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>  
        </list>  
    </property>  
</bean>
  • In ajax , set contentType : ‘application/json;charse=UTF-8’
    var data = {"name":"jsutin","age":18};
    $.ajax({  
        url : "/ASW/login.html",  
        type : "POST",  
        data : JSON.stringify(data),  
        dataType: 'json',  
        contentType:'application/json;charset=UTF-8',      
        success : function(result) {  
            console.log(result);  
        }  
    });

In server ，using @RequestBody anotation receive json data,and using @ResponseBody anotation response json to jsp page

@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody User login(@RequestBody User user){
    system.out.println(user.getName);
    system.out.println(user.getAge);
}

 

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
      System.err.println(map.get("username"));
      System.err.println(map.get("password"));
      System.err.println(map.get("openid"));
  }

前端加 contentType : “application/json”。前端报 200，后端 能接受到参数

    $.ajax({
              type: 'POST',
              url: "/login",
              dataType: "json",
              data: JSON.stringify(jsonObj),
              contentType : "application/json",
              success: function(data) {
                  console.log(data)
              },
              error: function() {
                  console.log("fucking error")
              }
          });

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
      System.err.println(map.get("username"));
      System.err.println(map.get("password"));
      System.err.println(map.get("openid"));
}
}

有时候，我想在后端使用对象来获取参数。前端报 200，后端 也ok

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestBody Form form){
      System.err.println(form);
}
}

public class Form {
  private String openid;
  private String username;
  private String password;

  public String getOpenid() {
      return openid;
  }

  public void setOpenid(String openid) {
      this.openid = openid;
  }

  public String getUsername() {
      return username;
  }

  public void setUsername(String username) {
      this.username = username;
  }

  public String getPassword() {
      return password;
  }

  public void setPassword(String password) {
      this.password = password;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
      return "Form{" +
              "openid='" + openid + '\'' +
              ", username='" + username + '\'' +
              ", password='" + password + '\'' +
              '}';
  }
}

三、最终选择交互方式

前端 application/json，上传 josn字符串， 后端 使用对象 或者 Map

前端代码

       var jsonObj = {"openid":"xxx","username":"Ed sheeran","password":"123"};
          /*
              Jquery默认Content-Type为application/x-www-form-urlencoded类型
           */
          $.ajax({
              type: 'POST',
              url: "/login",
              dataType: "json",
              data: JSON.stringify(jsonObj),
              contentType : "application/json",
              success: function(data) {
                  console.log(data)
              },
              error: function() {
                  console.log("fucking error")
              }
          });

后端代码1

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestBody Form form){
      System.err.println(form);
}
}

后端代码2

@Controller
public class LoginController {
  @PostMapping("/login")
  public void login(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
      System.err.println(map.get("username"));
      System.err.println(map.get("password"));
      System.err.println(map.get("openid"));
}
}

总结

到此这篇关于SpringBoot前后端json数据交互的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot前后端json数据交互内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

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