Matlab绘制中国地图超全教程详解
作者：slandarer
这篇文章主要介绍了如何利用Matlab绘制中国地图，文中的示例代码讲解详细，对我们学习Matlab有一定的帮助，感兴趣的小伙伴可以学习一下
依旧需要用到Mapping Toolbox不会安装的可以看我上一篇
虽然我们只读取shp文件，但需要保证文件夹里还有shx文件及dbf文件
各省边界线绘图
provinces=shaperead('bou2_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
% 绘图
worldmap('China');
geoshow(provinces)
省份填色图
provinces=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
% 绘图
worldmap('China');
faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1 numel(provinces)],'FaceColor',polcmap(numel(provinces))});
geoshow(provinces,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)
改个颜色：
provinces=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
% 插值定义颜色
C=[222,238,209;126,190,174;144,213,220;
33,118,155;30,69,128;20,49,127]./255;
C1(:,1)=interp1(0:5,C(:,1),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
C1(:,2)=interp1(0:5,C(:,2),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
C1(:,3)=interp1(0:5,C(:,3),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
% 绘图
worldmap('China');
faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1 numel(provinces)],'FaceColor',C1});
geoshow(provinces,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)
标注省份名称
provinces=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
% 插值定义颜色
C=[222,238,209;126,190,174;144,213,220;
33,118,155;30,69,128;20,49,127]./255;
C1(:,1)=interp1(0:5,C(:,1),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
C1(:,2)=interp1(0:5,C(:,2),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
C1(:,3)=interp1(0:5,C(:,3),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),'linear')';
% 绘图
worldmap('China');
faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1 numel(provinces)],'FaceColor',C1});
geoshow(provinces,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)
% 读取首都和省级行政中心位置信息并标记
pnames=shaperead('res1_4m.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
for i=1:numel(pnames)
textm(pnames(i).Lat,pnames(i).Lon,pnames(i).NAME, ...
'HorizontalAlignment','center','FontSize',5,'color','k')
end
单独绘制某个省份：
worldmap([42,55],[120,137]);
% 从中国省份数据文件中获取黑龙江省
P=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true,...
'Selector',{@(name) strcmp(name,'黑龙江省'),'NAME'});
patchm(P.Lat,P.Lon, [0.5 0.7 0.5])
中国公路交通图
borders=shaperead('bou1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
roads=shaperead('roa_4m.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
worldmap('China');
geoshow(borders,'FaceColor',[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(roads,'Color',[250,227,158]./255,'LineWidth',1.5)
中国铁路交通图
borders=shaperead('bou1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
rails=shaperead('rai_4m.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
worldmap('China');
geoshow(borders,'FaceColor',[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(rails,'Color',[.2,.2,.2],'LineWidth',1,'LineStyle','-.')
中国河流图
borders=shaperead('bou1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
riversp=shaperead('hyd1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
riversl=shaperead('hyd1_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
worldmap('China');
geoshow(borders,'FaceColor',[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(riversp,'FaceColor',[127,141,181]./255,'EdgeColor',[127,141,181]./255)
geoshow(riversl,'Color',[127,141,181]./255,'LineWidth',1)
组合美化图
美化图一
ax=worldmap('China');
setm(ax,'FFaceColor',[153,179,204]./255)
% 绘制附近大陆
antarctica = shaperead('landareas.shp', 'UseGeoCoords', true,...
'Selector',{@(name) strcmp(name,'Africa and Eurasia'), 'Name'});
patchm(antarctica.Lat, antarctica.Lon, [0.5 0.7 0.5])
% 绘制中国国界
bordersl=shaperead('bou1_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(bordersl,'Color',[.3,.3,.3],'LineWidth',1)
bordersp=shaperead('bou1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
patchm([bordersp.Lat],[bordersp.Lon],[239,238,234]./255);
% 绘制河流
riversp=shaperead('hyd1_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
riversl=shaperead('hyd1_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(riversp,'FaceColor',[127,141,181]./255,'EdgeColor',[127,141,181]./255)
geoshow(riversl,'Color',[127,141,181]./255,'LineWidth',1)
% 绘制公路
roads=shaperead('roa_4m.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(roads,'Color',[250,227,158]./255,'LineWidth',1.5)
tightmap
美化图二
ax=worldmap('china');
setm(ax,'mapprojection','mercator');
% 绘制国界
bordersl=shaperead('bou1_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(bordersl,'Color',[.3,.3,.3],'LineWidth',1)
% 绘制省份
colorList=[197,228,212;255,254,216;251,197,221;199,205,231]./255;
colorList=repmat(colorList,[250,1]);
provinces=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
colorList=colorList(1:numel(provinces),:);
faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1 numel(provinces)],'FaceColor',colorList});
geoshow(provinces,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)
% 首都
pnames=shaperead('res1_4m.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(pnames(1).Lat,pnames(1).Lon,'DisplayType','point','Marker','p',...
'MarkerEdgeColor',[.8,0,0],'MarkerFaceColor',[.8,0,0])
% 指北针
northarrow('latitude',50,'longitude',80,'scaleratio',.08,'FaceColor',[.4,.4,.4])
% 比例尺
scaleruler on
setm(handlem('scaleruler1'), ...
'XLoc',-3.2e6,'YLoc',1.8e6, ...
'MajorTick',0:500:2000,...
'MinorTick',0:40:200,'FontSize',7)
scaleruler('units','nm')
setm(handlem('scaleruler2'), ...
'XLoc',-3.15e6, ...
'YLoc',1.7e6, ...
'TickDir','down', ...
'MajorTick',0:250:1000,...
'MinorTick',0:40:200,...
'MajorTickLength',km2nm(25),...
'MinorTickLength',km2nm(12.5),'FontSize',7)
% 小地图
h2=axes('pos',[0.67 0.15 0.13 0.2]);
worldmap([1 22],[106 122])
setm(h2,'FFaceColor',[197,213,236]./255,'FEdgeColor',[.3,.3,.3],'FLineWidth',1.5)
insert1=shaperead('bou2_4l.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(insert1,'Color',[.2,.2,.2],'LineWidth',1)
insert2=shaperead('bou2_4p.shp','UseGeoCoords',true);
geoshow(insert2,'FaceColor','w')
mlabel off
plabel off
gridm off
代码和数据：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZvMTLVElEWgQ3TFOmDXyCg 提取码：1234
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