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Python爬取百度翻译实现中英互译功能

作者：砕月之殇

这篇文章主要介绍了利用Python爬虫爬取百度翻译，从而实现中英文互译的功能，文中的示例代码讲解详细，感兴趣的小伙伴可以了解一下

由于下学期报了一个Python的入门课程

所以寒假一直在自己摸索，毕竟到时候不能挂科，也是水水学分

最近心血来潮打算试试爬一下百度翻译

肝了一天终于搞出来了

话不多说，直接开搞（环境是Python 3.8 PyCharm Community Edition 2021.3.1）

基础步骤

百度翻译会识别到爬虫，所以得用headers隐藏一下

以chorme浏览器为例

在百度翻译页面点击鼠标右键，选择“检查”（或者直接F12）

显示以下界面

依次选Network-Fetch/XHR-Headers

然后就能看到我们需要的标头

我们需要的是Cookie和User-Agent，用于表示是特定用户通过浏览器打开此网站

也就是伪装爬虫

然后我们复制到Pycharm当中即可

1 headers = {"User-Agent": Your User-Agent, "Cookie": Your Cookie}
2 # 后面填写你获取到的User-Agent和Cookie即可

提交表单

伪装好了之后，需要准备让爬虫向网站提交表单

但是我们提交之前需要看看我们要提交哪些数据

继续查看网站

我们可以看到有一个表单数据

from: en
to: zh  # 从英文转中文
query: ant  # 搜索ant单词
transtype: realtime  # 可能是实时查询的意思？
simple_means_flag: 3
sign: 210056.513977
token: 97c823341ff704dea2625870404fcec4  # 百度翻译用于识别的关键信息sign和token
domain: common

这就是我们要提交的数据

但是我们提交表单的是动态的，所以要重新写一下data

也就是

data = {
            "from": "en",
            "to": "zh",
            "query": custom_input,
            "transtype": "translang",
            "simple_means_flag": "3",
            "token": '97c823341ff704dea2625870404fcec4'
        }

获取响应并处理结果

我们考虑到提交了数据之后，咱们需要接收网页的反馈

所以继续看看返回来的翻译在哪

我们会发现，我们想要的和现实的似乎有些差别

结果是有了，但是不是中文，是Unicode

办法总是有的

response = requests.post(url='https://fanyi.baidu.com/v2transapi', headers=headers, timeout=1, data=data)
response.encoding = 'utf-8'
print(response.status_code)  # 获取状态码
print(re.search("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+", response.content.decode('unicode_escape'), flags=re.S)[0])  # 正则表达式查找汉字

这样打印出来的就是中文了~

挺意外的

差不多就可以提交了！

然后我兴冲冲的去提交数据

百度翻译给了我一个大嘴巴深刻的教训

请输入要选择的翻译模式
[1]英译中
[2]中译英
1
请输入要翻译的英文
apple
200
未知错误
 
进程已结束,退出代码0

这是咋回事？apple的翻译应该是苹果而不是未知错误啊

然后我发现，前面的data漏了一个sign

sign是不同的单词算出来的不一样的，但是相对于单词是固定的

幸好网上巨佬多，找到了sign的算法

有兴趣可以看看sign算法的获取

最后把sign贴上去，就成功了！

消除警告

但是会出现一个Warning

请输入要选择的翻译模式
[1]英译中
[2]中译英
1
请输入要翻译的英文
apple
200
苹果
F:/Python/New/main.py:40: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence '\/'
  print(re.search("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+", response.content.decode('unicode_escape'), flags=re.S)[0])
 
进程已结束,退出代码0

翻译结果底下出现一个警告，不好看

于是想办法，加入了这个

import warnings
 
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=Warning)  # 关闭弃用报错

就没有错误了~

至此，英译中功能就做的差不多了

中译英是基本一样的，但是返回的东西很多，可以通过这个语句来筛选

print(re.findall(pattern='[a-zA-Z]+', string=response.content.decode('unicode_escape'), flags=re.S)[4])

差不多就是这样咯~

全部代码：

main.py

import requests
from sign import sign
import re
import warnings
 
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=Warning)  # 关闭弃用报错
 
headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                         "Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36",
           "Cookie": 'BIDUPSID=248487DDE4F4874C768DD664800AFB01; '
                     'PSTM=1624632627; '
                     '__yjs_duid'
                     '=1_9e9a49b48ccf294be969148528d703281624677345512; FANYI_WORD_SWITCH=1; HISTORY_SWITCH=1; '
                     'REALTIME_TRANS_SWITCH=1; SOUND_SPD_SWITCH=1; SOUND_PREFER_SWITCH=1; APPGUIDE_10_0_2=1; '
                     'BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; BAIDUID=39C416629357EBAB497629178C0541C1:FG=1; '
                     'BDUSS'
                     '=m9DMm1RUFZTTFBCNmdZUUFhY3lpeUR4Y3NNRW5SdThvb3FpTnZDNWdXNWRyeEJpSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAACSX1uneHp5MjAwMzIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAF0i6WFdIulhZ; BDUSS_BFESS=m9DMm1RUFZTTFBCNmdZUUFhY3lpeUR4Y3NNRW5SdThvb3FpTnZDNWdXNWRyeEJpSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAACSX1uneHp5MjAwMzIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAF0i6WFdIulhZ; H_PS_PSSID=35410_35105_31254_35774_34584_35490_35693_35796_35324_26350_35744; BAIDUID_BFESS=39C416629357EBAB497629178C0541C1:FG=1; BCLID=11903837222192425398; BDSFRCVID=meFOJeC627p69AjHgenlU9pUEeQF9_oTH6aoc1Pmnv6SwQ5bF3wEEG0PEM8g0Kub1VDqogKKQgOTHRCF_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0f5; H_BDCLCKID_SF=tbFqoKI5JK03J-Fk-R6BMtCbMfQyetJyaR0tXJvvWJ5TMCoJ0-c25-InbPvwblL8-NT42-ovyJ6_ShPC-tnc3M4nKxC82Mb8Qa743qbX3l02Vhvae-t2ynLIQMFLQ-RMW23I0h7mWUoTsxA45J7cM4IseboJLfT-0bc4KKJxbnLWeIJIjjC5DTOXjH8OtTnfb5kXWnbEatD_Hn7zeUDWeM4pbt-qJqTzLNQLWqnjBpRBSDTx3fo1j4tUXxTnBT5KaKTvaCTw5l7KHq32yqKKQlKkQN3TWxuO5bRi5Roy-q3FDn3oypQJXp0n04bly5jtMgOBBJ0yQ4b4OR5JjxonDh83bG7MJPKtfJut_I05JID-bnPk5PQ_b-40Mq0X5-RLfKj-Kq7F5l8-hC3xj6rNMxksbfTQL6cjQmT-blLXXb7xOKQphP-a0-uH5Gjg-h_tKeFeLh5N3KJmsqC9bT3v5tjL34OD2-biWa6M2MbdLqOP_IoG2Mn8M4bb3qOpBtQmJeTxoUJ25DnJhbLGe4bK-TrLjHKftxK; BCLID_BFESS=11903837222192425398; BDSFRCVID_BFESS=meFOJeC627p69AjHgenlU9pUEeQF9_oTH6aoc1Pmnv6SwQ5bF3wEEG0PEM8g0Kub1VDqogKKQgOTHRCF_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0f5; H_BDCLCKID_SF_BFESS=tbFqoKI5JK03J-Fk-R6BMtCbMfQyetJyaR0tXJvvWJ5TMCoJ0-c25-InbPvwblL8-NT42-ovyJ6_ShPC-tnc3M4nKxC82Mb8Qa743qbX3l02Vhvae-t2ynLIQMFLQ-RMW23I0h7mWUoTsxA45J7cM4IseboJLfT-0bc4KKJxbnLWeIJIjjC5DTOXjH8OtTnfb5kXWnbEatD_Hn7zeUDWeM4pbt-qJqTzLNQLWqnjBpRBSDTx3fo1j4tUXxTnBT5KaKTvaCTw5l7KHq32yqKKQlKkQN3TWxuO5bRi5Roy-q3FDn3oypQJXp0n04bly5jtMgOBBJ0yQ4b4OR5JjxonDh83bG7MJPKtfJut_I05JID-bnPk5PQ_b-40Mq0X5-RLfKj-Kq7F5l8-hC3xj6rNMxksbfTQL6cjQmT-blLXXb7xOKQphP-a0-uH5Gjg-h_tKeFeLh5N3KJmsqC9bT3v5tjL34OD2-biWa6M2MbdLqOP_IoG2Mn8M4bb3qOpBtQmJeTxoUJ25DnJhbLGe4bK-TrLjHKftxK; delPer=0; PSINO=3; Hm_lvt_64ecd82404c51e03dc91cb9e8c025574=1641456854,1642661186,1642662678,1642687449; Hm_lpvt_64ecd82404c51e03dc91cb9e8c025574=1642688201; BA_HECTOR=248g858580ak84a0u91guirq80q; ab_sr=1.0.1_MjM4OGFjMTZiZjUyMmYxMmU5NDhjY2FkZDkzNzRkMzZkZGUxN2RmMmY1NzEwYzg5ZDlmYTk2YTIzZmM0ODBlMzJlYzAwNDMxNjllNjk3OGMxZDJmMzI1NjNiNjlhNjExNTEzYmNkZTFlZWNjYzI4ZGVmZTA4NDk3ODBjYThlYzM='}
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("请输入要选择的翻译模式")
    choose = int(input("[1]英译中\n[2]中译英\n"))
    while choose != 1 and choose != 2:
        print("错误！请重新输入")
        choose = int(input("[1]英译中\n[2]中译英\n"))
        data = {}
    if choose == 1:
        custom_input = input('请输入要翻译的英文\n')
        data = {
            "from": "en",
            "to": "zh",
            "query": custom_input,
            "transtype": "translang",
            "simple_means_flag": "3",
            "token": '97c823341ff704dea2625870404fcec4',
            "sign": sign(custom_input)
        }
        response = requests.post(url='https://fanyi.baidu.com/v2transapi', headers=headers, timeout=1, data=data)
        response.encoding = 'utf-8'print(re.search("[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+", response.content.decode('unicode_escape'), flags=re.S)[0])
    elif choose == 2:
        custom_input = input('请输入要翻译成英文的中文\n')
        data = {
            "from": "zh",
            "to": "en",
            "query": custom_input,
            "transtype": "translang",
            "simple_means_flag": "3",
            "token": '97c823341ff704dea2625870404fcec4',
            "sign": sign(custom_input)
        }
        response = requests.post(url='https://fanyi.baidu.com/v2transapi', headers=headers, timeout=1, data=data)
        response.encoding = 'utf-8'
        print(re.findall(pattern='[a-zA-Z]+', string=response.content.decode('unicode_escape'), flags=re.S)[4])

sign.py

import js2py
import requests
import re
 
def sign(word):
    session = requests.Session()
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36"}
    session.headers = headers
    response = session.get("http://fanyi.baidu.com/")
    gtk = re.findall(";window.gtk = ('.*?');", response.content.decode())[0]
    word = word
 
    context = js2py.EvalJs()
    js = r'''
    function a(r) {
          if (Array.isArray(r)) {
              for (var o = 0, t = Array(r.length); o < r.length; o++)
                 t[o] = r[o];
              return t
         }
          return Array.from(r)
     }
      function n(r, o) {
         for (var t = 0; t < o.length - 2; t += 3) {
               var a = o.charAt(t + 2);
              a = a >= "a" ? a.charCodeAt(0) - 87 : Number(a),
                 a = "+" === o.charAt(t + 1) ? r >>> a : r << a,
                   r = "+" === o.charAt(t) ? r + a & 4294967295 : r ^ a
           }
           return r
       }
      function e(r) {
         var o = r.match(/[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]/g);
         if (null === o) {
                var t = r.length;
                t > 30 && (r = "" + r.substr(0, 10) + r.substr(Math.floor(t / 2) - 5, 10) + r.substr(-10, 10))
            } else {
              for (var e = r.split(/[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]/), C = 0, h = e.length, f = []; h > C; C++)
                   "" !== e[C] && f.push.apply(f, a(e[C].split(""))),
                   C !== h - 1 && f.push(o[C]);
                var g = f.length;
              g > 30 && (r = f.slice(0, 10).join("") + f.slice(Math.floor(g / 2) - 5, Math.floor(g / 2) + 5).join("") + f.slice(-10).join(""))
            }
           var u = void 0
                , l = "" + String.fromCharCode(103) + String.fromCharCode(116) + String.fromCharCode(107);
          u = 'null !== i ? i : (i = window[l] || "") || ""';
          for (var d = u.split("."), m = Number(d[0]) || 0, s = Number(d[1]) || 0, S = [], c = 0, v = 0; v < r.length; v++) {
             var A = r.charCodeAt(v);
             128 > A ? S[c++] = A : (2048 > A ? S[c++] = A >> 6 | 192 : (55296 === (64512 & A) && v + 1 < r.length && 56320 === (64512 & r.charCodeAt(v + 1)) ? (A = 65536 + ((1023 & A) << 10) + (1023 & r.charCodeAt(++v)),
                    S[c++] = A >> 18 | 240,
                   S[c++] = A >> 12 & 63 | 128) : S[c++] = A >> 12 | 224,
                  S[c++] = A >> 6 & 63 | 128),
                 S[c++] = 63 & A | 128)
         }
          for (var p = m, F = "" + String.fromCharCode(43) + String.fromCharCode(45) + String.fromCharCode(97) + ("" + String.fromCharCode(94) + String.fromCharCode(43) + String.fromCharCode(54)), D = "" + String.fromCharCode(43) + String.fromCharCode(45) + String.fromCharCode(51) + ("" + String.fromCharCode(94) + String.fromCharCode(43) + String.fromCharCode(98)) + ("" + String.fromCharCode(43) + String.fromCharCode(45) + String.fromCharCode(102)), b = 0; b < S.length; b++)
               p += S[b],
                   p = n(p, F);
          return p = n(p, D),
               p ^= s,
          0 > p && (p = (2147483647 & p) + 2147483648),
             p %= 1e6,
           p.toString() + "." + (p ^ m)
       }
    '''
    js = js.replace('\'null !== i ? i : (i = window[l] || "") || ""\'', gtk)
    # 执行js
    context.execute(js)
    # 调用函数得到sign
    sign = context.e(word)
    return sign

运行示例：

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