QT+OpenCV实现录屏功能
作者:平凡的编程者
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了QT+OpenCV实现录屏功能,文中示例代码介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
本文使用QT+opencv来实现对指定窗体画面录制,并保存为avi文件。
(1)获取窗体界面
QScreen类有一个grabWindow函数,可以用来获取窗体的画面,这个函数使用很简单,就是传入窗体句柄和要截取的坐标。但是这个函数有一个缺陷,它是通过截取桌面画面的方式,而不是通过
窗体获取界面,所以当你的窗体被其他窗体遮挡时,就无法截取完整的窗体界面,如果你是要录制整个桌面画面,那用这个函数就可以了,下面的方法调用GDI函数来实现,即使窗体被遮挡时仍然能够获取到完整界面,但是窗体最小化时也一样无法获取。
/* * 函数功能:获取窗体指定窗体图像 * 参 数:hd:窗体句柄 * pm:保存获取到的图片 * x:截取的起始x坐标, * y:截取的起始y坐标, * w:截取的宽度 * h:截取的高度 */ bool GetGDIBitmap(HWND hd,QPixmap &pm, int x, int y, int w, int h) { if(hd==NULL) return false; HDC hDC; hDC=GetDCEx(hd,NULL,DCX_PARENTCLIP ); HDC hMemDC; //内存缓冲设备环境 HBITMAP hbmMem,hbmOld; //内存缓冲设备环境中的位图 RECT rc; rc.left=x; rc.top=y; rc.right=x+w; rc.bottom=y+h; //判断边境值 RECT clientrc; ::GetClientRect(hd,&clientrc); int xc =0; int cx =0; int cy =0; if(rc.bottom>clientrc.bottom || rc.bottom<0) rc.bottom=clientrc.bottom; if(rc.right>clientrc.right || rc.right<0) rc.right=clientrc.right; // 24位图的BITMAPINFO BITMAPINFO *pBITMAPINFO = (BITMAPINFO*)malloc(sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); memset(pBITMAPINFO, 0, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); BITMAPINFOHEADER *pInfo_Header = (BITMAPINFOHEADER *)pBITMAPINFO; pInfo_Header->biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); pInfo_Header->biWidth = rc.right - rc.left; pInfo_Header->biHeight = (rc.bottom - rc.top); pInfo_Header->biPlanes = 1; pInfo_Header->biBitCount = 24; pInfo_Header->biCompression = BI_RGB; hMemDC=CreateCompatibleDC(hDC); //创建内存兼容设备环境 //创建内存兼容位图 hbmMem=CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC,pInfo_Header->biWidth,pInfo_Header->biHeight); hbmOld=(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC,hbmMem); //将内存设备环境中的内容绘制到物理设备环境 hDC BitBlt(hMemDC,0,0,pInfo_Header->biWidth,pInfo_Header->biHeight,hDC,cx+rc.left,xc+cy+rc.top,CAPTUREBLT|SRCCOPY); HBITMAP hBitmap=(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC,hbmOld); // 获得数据buf DWORD bufSize=(pInfo_Header->biWidth * 3 + 3) / 4 * 4 * pInfo_Header->biHeight; BYTE * pBuffer = new BYTE[bufSize]; int aHeight=pInfo_Header->biHeight; if(::GetDIBits(hMemDC, hBitmap, 0, aHeight, pBuffer,pBITMAPINFO, DIB_RGB_COLORS) == 0) { return false; } bool bret=BitmapToPixmap(hBitmap,pm); ReleaseDC(hd,hDC); //释放资源 DeleteObject(hbmMem); DeleteObject(hbmOld); DeleteDC(hMemDC); free(pBITMAPINFO); ::DeleteObject(hBitmap); delete [] pBuffer; return bret; } /* * 函数功能:将bitmap转为QPixmap */ bool BitmapToPixmap(HBITMAP hBitmap, QPixmap &pm) { HDC hDC; //设备描述表 int iBits; //当前显示分辨率下每个像素所占字节数 WORD wBitCount; //位图中每个像素所占字节数 //定义调色板大小, 位图中像素字节大小 , 位图文件大小 , 写入文件字节数 DWORD dwPaletteSize=0,dwBmBitsSize,dwDIBSize; BITMAP Bitmap; //位图属性结构 BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfHdr; //位图文件头结构 BITMAPINFOHEADER bi; //位图信息头结构 LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi; //指向位图信息头结构 HANDLE hDib, hPal; HPALETTE hOldPal=NULL; //定义文件,分配内存句柄,调色板句柄 //计算位图文件每个像素所占字节数 hDC = CreateDC(L"DISPLAY",NULL,NULL,NULL); iBits = GetDeviceCaps(hDC, BITSPIXEL) * GetDeviceCaps(hDC, PLANES); DeleteDC(hDC); if (iBits <= 1) wBitCount = 1; else if (iBits <= 4) wBitCount = 4; else if (iBits <= 8) wBitCount = 8; else if (iBits <= 24) wBitCount = 24; else wBitCount = 24; //计算调色板大小 if (wBitCount <= 8) dwPaletteSize=(1<<wBitCount)*sizeof(RGBQUAD); //设置位图信息头结构 GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof(BITMAP), (LPSTR)&Bitmap); bi.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); bi.biWidth = Bitmap.bmWidth; bi.biHeight = Bitmap.bmHeight; bi.biPlanes = 1; bi.biBitCount = wBitCount; bi.biCompression = BI_RGB; bi.biSizeImage = 0; bi.biXPelsPerMeter = 0; bi.biYPelsPerMeter = 0; bi.biClrUsed = 0; bi.biClrImportant = 0; dwBmBitsSize = ((Bitmap.bmWidth*wBitCount+31)/32)*4*Bitmap.bmHeight; //为位图内容分配内存 hDib = GlobalAlloc(GHND,dwBmBitsSize+dwPaletteSize+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)GlobalLock(hDib); *lpbi = bi; // 处理调色板 hPal = GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE); if (hPal) { hDC = ::GetDC(NULL); hOldPal=SelectPalette(hDC,(HPALETTE)hPal,FALSE); RealizePalette(hDC); } // 获取该调色板下新的像素值 GetDIBits(hDC,hBitmap,0,(UINT)Bitmap.bmHeight,(LPSTR)lpbi+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+dwPaletteSize, (BITMAPINFO *)lpbi,DIB_RGB_COLORS); //恢复调色板 if (hOldPal) { SelectPalette(hDC, hOldPal, TRUE); RealizePalette(hDC); ::ReleaseDC(NULL, hDC); } // 设置位图文件头 bmfHdr.bfType = 0x4D42; // "BM" dwDIBSize=sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+dwPaletteSize+dwBmBitsSize; bmfHdr.bfSize = dwDIBSize; bmfHdr.bfReserved1 = 0; bmfHdr.bfReserved2 = 0; bmfHdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+(DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+dwPaletteSize; std::vector<uchar>buffer; uchar *p=(uchar*)&bmfHdr; // 写入位图文件头 buffer.insert(buffer.end(),p,p+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)); // 写入位图文件其余内容 p=(uchar*)lpbi; buffer.insert(buffer.end(),p,p+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+dwPaletteSize+dwBmBitsSize); //清除 GlobalUnlock(hDib); GlobalFree(hDib); pm=QPixmap::fromImage(QImage::fromData(buffer.data(),buffer.size())); return true; }
(2)录制画面
bool g_needstop =false;void Record() { RECT rect; //获取窗体位置大小 GetWindowRect(hd,&rect); cv::Size frameSize; frameSize.width=rect.right-rect.left; frameSize.height=rect.bottom-rect.top; cv::VideoWriter VideoWriter; if(!VideoWriter.open("d:\\1.avi",CV_FOURCC('M', 'J', 'P', 'G'),40,frameSize)) return; while(!g_needstop) { QPixmap pm; GetGDIBitmap(hd,pm,0,0,frameSize.width,frameSize.height); VideoWriter.write(ImageToMat(pm.toImage())); } VideoWriter.release(); } Mat ImageToMat(QImage img,QString imgFormat) { if(img.isNull()) return Mat(); QByteArray ba; QBuffer buffer(&ba); buffer.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly); img.save(&buffer,imgFormat.toLatin1().data()); _InputArray arrSrc(ba.data(), ba.size()); Mat mat = cv::imdecode(arrSrc, CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR); return mat; }
(3) 播放视频
void Play() { cv::VideoCapture Capture; if(!Capture.open("d:\\1.avi")) return; Mat frame; //逐帧读取画面 while(Capture.read(frame)) { //转成QImage格式用于显示 QImage img = MatToImage(frame); emit Frame(img); QThread::msleep(40); } Capture.release(); emit PlayFinsh(); } QImage MatToImage(Mat mat) { if(mat.type() == CV_8UC1) { QImage image(mat.cols, mat.rows, QImage::Format_Indexed8); // Set the color table (used to translate colour indexes to qRgb values) image.setColorCount(256); for(int i = 0; i < 256; i++) { image.setColor(i, qRgb(i, i, i)); } // Copy input Mat uchar *pSrc = mat.data; for(int row = 0; row < mat.rows; row ++) { uchar *pDest = image.scanLine(row); memcpy(pDest, pSrc, mat.cols); pSrc += mat.step; } return image; } // 8-bits unsigned, NO. OF CHANNELS = 3 else if(mat.type() == CV_8UC3) { // Copy input Mat const uchar *pSrc = (const uchar*)mat.data; // Create QImage with same dimensions as input Mat QImage image(pSrc, mat.cols, mat.rows, mat.step, QImage::Format_RGB888); return image.rgbSwapped(); } else if(mat.type() == CV_8UC4) { qDebug() << "CV_8UC4"; // Copy input Mat const uchar *pSrc = (const uchar*)mat.data; // Create QImage with same dimensions as input Mat QImage image(pSrc, mat.cols, mat.rows, mat.step, QImage::Format_ARGB32); return image.copy(); } else { qDebug() << "ERROR: Mat could not be converted to QImage."; return QImage(); } }
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。