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详解Mybatis拦截器安全加解密MySQL数据实战

作者:superjava_

本文主要介绍了Mybatis拦截器安全加解密MySQL数据实战,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

需求背景

Mybatis拦截器

Mybatis只能拦截指定类里面的方法:Executor、ParameterHandler、StatementHandler、ResultSetHandler。

Mybatis提供的拦截器接口Interceptor

public interface Interceptor {
 
  Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable;
 
  default Object plugin(Object target) {
    return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
  }
 
  default void setProperties(Properties properties) {
    // NOP
  }
}

- Object intercept():代理对象都会调用的方法,这里可以执行自定义拦截处理;
- Object plugin():可以用于判断拦截器执行类型;
- void setProperties():指定配置文件的属性;

自定义拦截器中除了要实现Interceptor接口,还需要添加@Intercepts注解指定拦截对象。@Intercepts注解需配合@Signature注解使用

@Intercepts注解可以指定多个@Signature,type指定拦截类,method指定拦截方法,args拦截方法里的参数类型。

/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface Intercepts {
  Signature[] value();
}
 
/**
 * @author Clinton Begin
 */
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({})
public @interface Signature {
  Class<?> type();
  String method();
  Class<?>[] args();
}

案例实战

依据上述的mybatis拦截器的使用,下面就把实战案例代码提供一下。

Mybatis自定义拦截器

/**
 * 对mybatis入参进行拦截加密
 * @author zrh
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@Intercepts(@Signature(type = ParameterHandler.class, method = "setParameters", args = {PreparedStatement.class}))
public class MybatisEncryptInterceptor implements Interceptor {
 
    @Resource
    private com.mysql.web.mybatis.Interceptor.MybatisCryptHandler handler;
 
    @Override
    public Object intercept (Invocation invocation) {
        return invocation;
    }
 
    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public Object plugin (Object target) {
        if (target instanceof ParameterHandler) {
            // 对请求参数进行加密操作
            handler.parameterEncrypt((ParameterHandler) target);
        }
        return target;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void setProperties (Properties properties) {
    }
}

注意:ResultSetHandler对象对增删改方法没有拦截,需要增加Executor对象;

/**
 * 对mybatis查询结果进行拦截解密,并对请求参数进行拦截解密还原操作
 * @author zrh
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
@Intercepts({
        @Signature(type = ResultSetHandler.class, method = "handleResultSets", args = {Statement.class}),
        @Signature(type = Executor.class, method = "update", args = {MappedStatement.class, Object.class}),
})
public class MybatisDecryptInterceptor implements Interceptor {
 
    @Resource
    private MybatisCryptHandler handler;
 
    @Override
    public Object intercept (Invocation invocation) throws Exception {
        // 获取执行mysql执行结果
        Object result = invocation.proceed();
        if (invocation.getTarget() instanceof Executor) {
            // 对增删改操作方法的请求参数进行解密还原操作
            checkEncryptByUpdate(invocation.getArgs());
            return result;
        }
        // 对查询方法的请求参数进行解密还原操作
        checkEncryptByQuery(invocation.getTarget());
        // 对查询结果进行解密
        return handler.resultDecrypt(result);
    }
 
    @Override
    public Object plugin (Object target) {
        return Plugin.wrap(target, this);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void setProperties (Properties properties) {
    }
 
    /**
     * 对请求参数进行解密还原操作
     * @param target
     */
    private void checkEncryptByQuery (Object target) {
        try {
            final Class<?> targetClass = target.getClass();
            final Field parameterHandlerFiled = targetClass.getDeclaredField("parameterHandler");
            parameterHandlerFiled.setAccessible(true);
            final Object parameterHandler = parameterHandlerFiled.get(target);
            final Class<?> parameterHandlerClass = parameterHandler.getClass();
            final Field parameterObjectField = parameterHandlerClass.getDeclaredField("parameterObject");
            parameterObjectField.setAccessible(true);
            final Object parameterObject = parameterObjectField.get(parameterHandler);
            handler.decryptFieldHandler(parameterObject);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("对请求参数进行解密还原操作异常:", e);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 对请求参数进行解密还原操作
     * @param args
     */
    private void checkEncryptByUpdate (Object[] args) {
        try {
            Arrays.stream(args).forEach(handler::decryptFieldHandler);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("对请求参数进行解密还原操作异常:", e);
        }
    }
}

在上述拦截器中,除了对入参进行加密和查询结果解密操作外,还多了一步对请求参数进行解密还原操作。

这是因为对请求参数进行加密操作时改动的是原对象,如果不还原解密数据,这个对象如果在后续还有其他操作,那就会使用密文,导致数据紊乱。

这里其实想过不改动原对象,而是把原请求对象克隆一份,在克隆对象上进行加密,然后在去查询数据库。可惜可能是自己对mybatis不够熟悉吧,试了很久也不能把mybatis内的原对象替换为克隆对象,所以才就想了这个还原解密参数的方式。

2.png

如果对请求参数对象和查询结果对象里的所有字段都进行加解密,那上述配置就基本完成。但在本次安全加解密需求中只针对指定字段(如手机号和真实姓名),现在这种全量字段加解密就不行,而且性能也低,毕竟加解密是很耗费服务器CPU运算资源的。

所以需要增加注解,在指定对象的属性字段才进行加解密。

/**
 * <p>作用于类:标识当前实体需要进行结果解密操作.
 * <p>作用于字段:标识当前实体的字段需要进行加解密操作.
 * <p>作用于方法:标识当前mapper方法会被切面进行拦截,并进行数据的加解密操作.
 * <p>注意:如果作用于字段,那当前类必须先标注该注解,因为会优先判断类是否需要加解密,然后在判断字段是否需要加解密,否则只作用于字段不会起效
 *
 * @author zrh
 * @date 2022/1/4
 */
@Documented
@Inherited
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Crypt {
    /**
     * 默认字段需要解密
     */
    boolean decrypt () default true;
    /**
     * 默认字段需要加密
     */
    boolean encrypt () default true;
    /**
     * 字段为对象时有用,默认当前对象不需要进行加解密
     */
    boolean subObject () default false;
    /**
     * 需要进行加密的字段列下标
     */
    int[] encryptParamIndex () default {};
}

其注解使用方式如下:

1.png

AesTools是对数据进行AES对称加解密工具类

/**
 * AES加密工具
 *
 * @author zrh
 * @date 2022/1/3
 */
@Slf4j
public final class AesTools {
    private AesTools () {
    }
 
    private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
    private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
    private static final String DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
    private static Cipher ENCODING_CIPHER = null;
    private static Cipher DECRYPT_CIPHER = null;
    /**
     * 秘钥
     */
    private static final String KEY = "cab041-3c46-fed5";
 
    static {
        try {
            // 初始化cipher
            ENCODING_CIPHER = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
            DECRYPT_CIPHER = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
            //转化成JAVA的密钥格式
            SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(KEY.getBytes("ASCII"), KEY_ALGORITHM);
            ENCODING_CIPHER.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec);
            DECRYPT_CIPHER.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("初始化mybatis -> AES加解密参数异常:", e);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * AES加密
     * @param content 加密内容
     * @return
     */
    public static String encryptECB (String content) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
            return content;
        }
        String encryptStr = content;
        try {
            byte[] encrypted = ENCODING_CIPHER.doFinal(content.getBytes(ENCODING));
            encryptStr = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.info("mybatis -> AES加密出错:{}", content);
        }
        return encryptStr;
    }
 
    /**
     * AES解密
     * @param content 解密内容
     * @return
     */
    public static String decryptECB (String content) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
            return content;
        }
        String decryptStr = content;
        try {
            byte[] decrypt = DECRYPT_CIPHER.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(content));
            decryptStr = new String(decrypt, ENCODING);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.info("mybatis -> AES解密出错:{}", content);
        }
        return decryptStr;
    }
}

MybatisCryptHandler是对请求入参对象和查询结果对象进行加解密操作工具类。

代码稍许复杂,但实现逻辑简单,主要为了防止重复加密,内置缓存,对递归对象扫描检索,反射+注解获取需要加解密字段等。

/**
 * @author zrh
 * @date 2022/1/2
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MybatisCryptHandler {
 
    private final static ThreadLocal<List> THREAD_LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new ArrayList());
    private static final List<Field> EMPTY_FIELD_ARRAY = new ArrayList();
    /**
     * Cache for {@link Class#getDeclaredFields()}, allowing for fast iteration.
     */
    private static final Map<Class<?>, List<Field>> declaredFieldsCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
 
    /**
     * 参数对外加密方法
     * @param handler
     */
    public void parameterEncrypt (ParameterHandler handler) {
        Object parameterObject = handler.getParameterObject();
        if (null == parameterObject || parameterObject instanceof String) {
            return;
        }
        encryptFieldHandler(parameterObject);
        removeLocal();
    }
 
    /**
     * 参数加密规则方法
     * @param sourceObject
     */
    private void encryptFieldHandler (Object sourceObject) {
        if (null == sourceObject) {
            return;
        }
        if (sourceObject instanceof Map) {
            ((Map<?, Object>) sourceObject).values().forEach(this::encryptFieldHandler);
            return;
        }
        if (sourceObject instanceof List) {
            ((List<?>) sourceObject).stream().forEach(this::encryptFieldHandler);
            return;
        }
        Class<?> clazz = sourceObject.getClass();
        if (!clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Crypt.class)) {
            return;
        }
        if (checkLocal(sourceObject)) {
            return;
        }
        setLocal(sourceObject);
        try {
            Field[] declaredFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
            // 获取满足加密注解条件的字段
            final List<Field> collect = Arrays.stream(declaredFields).filter(this::checkEncrypt).collect(Collectors.toList());
            for (Field item : collect) {
                item.setAccessible(true);
                Object value = item.get(sourceObject);
                if (null != value && value instanceof String) {
                    item.set(sourceObject, AesTools.encryptECB((String) value));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 解析注解 - 加密密方法
     * @param field
     * @return
     */
    private boolean checkEncrypt (Field field) {
        Crypt crypt = field.getAnnotation(Crypt.class);
        return null != crypt && crypt.encrypt();
    }
 
    /**
     * 查询结果对外解密方法
     * @param resultData
     */
    public Object resultDecrypt (Object resultData) {
        if (resultData instanceof List) {
            return ((List<?>) resultData).stream().map(this::resultObjHandler).collect(Collectors.toList());
        }
        return resultObjHandler(resultData);
    }
 
    /**
     * 查询结果解密规则方法
     * @param result
     */
    private Object resultObjHandler (Object result) {
        if (null == result) {
            return null;
        }
        Class<?> clazz = result.getClass();
        //获取所有要解密的字段
        Field[] declaredFields = getAllFieldsCache(clazz);
        Arrays.stream(declaredFields).forEach(item -> {
            try {
                item.setAccessible(true);
                Object value = item.get(result);
                if (null != value && value instanceof String) {
                    item.set(result, AesTools.decryptECB((String) value));
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("DecryptException -> checkDecrypt:", e);
            }
        });
 
        Arrays.stream(declaredFields).filter(item -> checkSubObject(item)).forEach(item -> {
            item.setAccessible(true);
            try {
                Object data = item.get(result);
                if (data instanceof List) {
                    ((List<?>) data).forEach(this::resultObjHandler);
                }
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                log.error("DecryptException -> checkSubObject:{}", e);
            }
        });
        return result;
    }
 
    /**
     * 解析注解 - 解密方法
     * @param field
     * @return
     */
    private static boolean checkDecrypt (Field field) {
        Crypt crypt = field.getAnnotation(Crypt.class);
        return null != crypt && crypt.decrypt();
    }
 
    /**
     * 解析注解 - 子对象
     * @param field
     * @return
     */
    private static boolean checkSubObject (Field field) {
        Crypt crypt = field.getAnnotation(Crypt.class);
        return null != crypt && crypt.subObject();
    }
 
    /**
     * 对请求参数进行解密还原,
     * @param requestObject
     */
    public void decryptFieldHandler (Object requestObject) {
        if (null == requestObject) {
            return;
        }
        if (requestObject instanceof Map) {
            ((Map<?, Object>) requestObject).values().forEach(this::decryptFieldHandler);
            return;
        }
        if (requestObject instanceof List) {
            ((List<?>) requestObject).stream().forEach(this::decryptFieldHandler);
            return;
        }
        Class<?> clazz = requestObject.getClass();
        if (!clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Crypt.class)) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            Field[] declaredFields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
            // 获取满足加密注解条件的字段
            final List<Field> collect = Arrays.stream(declaredFields).filter(this::checkEncrypt).collect(Collectors.toList());
            for (Field item : collect) {
                item.setAccessible(true);
                Object value = item.get(requestObject);
                if (null != value && value instanceof String) {
                    item.set(requestObject, AesTools.decryptECB((String) value));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 统一管理内存
     * @param o
     * @return
     */
    private boolean checkLocal (Object o) {
        return THREAD_LOCAL.get().contains(o);
    }
    private void setLocal (Object o) {
        THREAD_LOCAL.get().add(o);
    }
    private void removeLocal () {
        THREAD_LOCAL.get().clear();
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取本类及其父类的属性的方法
     * @param clazz 当前类对象
     * @return 字段数组
     */
    private static Field[] getAllFields (Class<?> clazz) {
        List<Field> fieldList = new ArrayList<>();
        while (clazz != null) {
            fieldList.addAll(new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(clazz.getDeclaredFields())));
            clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
        }
        Field[] fields = new Field[fieldList.size()];
        return fieldList.toArray(fields);
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取本类及其父类的属性的方法
     * @param clazz 当前类对象
     * @return 字段数组
     */
    private static Field[] getAllFieldsCache (Class<?> clazz) {
        List<Field> fieldList = new ArrayList<>();
        while (clazz != null) {
            if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Crypt.class)) {
                fieldList.addAll(getDeclaredFields(clazz));
            }
            clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
        }
        Field[] fields = new Field[fieldList.size()];
        return fieldList.toArray(fields);
    }
 
    private static List<Field> getDeclaredFields (Class<?> clazz) {
        List<Field> result = declaredFieldsCache.get(clazz);
        if (result == null) {
            try {
                // 获取满足注解解密条件的字段
                result = Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredFields()).filter(MybatisCryptHandler::checkDecrypt).collect(Collectors.toList());
                // 放入本地缓存
                declaredFieldsCache.put(clazz, (result.isEmpty() ? EMPTY_FIELD_ARRAY : result));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.error("getDeclaredFields:", e);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

数据表准备

用户的敏感信息包括有手机号、真实姓名、身份证、银行卡号、支付宝账号等几种。下面使用手机号和姓名字段进行加解密案例。

先准备一张Mysql数据表,表里有两个手机号和两个姓名字段,可以用于安全加解密对比。

CREATE TABLE `phone_data` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `phone` varchar(122) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '明文手机号',
  `user_phone` varchar(122) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密文手机号',
  `name` varchar(122) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '明文姓名',
  `real_name` varchar(122) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密文姓名',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='测试加解密数据表';

项目demo搭建

首先搭建一个springboot的项目,把一些基础配置类创建:如controller、service、mapper、xml、entity,为了快速简易的demo示例,这里去掉service层

/**
 * @Author: ZRH
 * @Date: 2022/1/5 13:47
 */
@Data
public class PhoneData {
 
    private Integer id;
    private String phone;
    private String userPhone;
    private String name;
    private String realName;
 
    public static PhoneData build (String phone) {
        return build(null, phone);
    }
 
    public static PhoneData build (Integer id, String phone) {
        final PhoneData phoneData = new PhoneData();
        phoneData.setId(id);
        phoneData.setPhone(phone);
        phoneData.setUserPhone(phone);
        phoneData.setName(phone);
        phoneData.setRealName(phone);
        return phoneData;
    }
}
 
/**
 * @Author: ZRH
 * @Date: 2022/1/5 11:55
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class AopMapperController {
 
    @Autowired
    private PhoneDataMapper phoneDataMapper;
 
    /**
     * 添加示例接口
     * @param phone
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/aop/insert")
    public String insert (@RequestParam String phone) {
        PhoneData build = PhoneData.build(phone);
        phoneDataMapper.insert(build);
        log.info(" 插入的原数据 = {}", JSON.toJSONString(build));
        return "ok";
    }
 
    /**
     * 更新示例接口
     * @param id
     * @param phone
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/aop/update")
    public String update (@RequestParam Integer id, @RequestParam String phone) {
        PhoneData build = PhoneData.build(id, phone);
        phoneDataMapper.updateById(build);
        log.info(" 插入的原数据 = {}", JSON.toJSONString(build));
        return "ok";
    }
 
    /**
     * 查询示例接口
     * @param phone
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/aop/select")
    public String select (@RequestParam String phone) {
        final PhoneData build = PhoneData.build(phone);
        // 对象类型入参查询对象数据
        List<PhoneData> selectList = phoneDataMapper.selectList(build);
        log.info(" selectList = {}", JSON.toJSONString(selectList));
        return "ok";
    }
}
 
/**
 * @Author: ZRH
 * @Date: 2021/11/25 13:48
 */
@Mapper
public interface PhoneDataMapper {
 
    /**
     * 新增数据
     * @param phoneData
     */
    @Insert("insert into phone_data (phone, user_phone, name, real_name) values (#{phone}, #{userPhone}, #{name}, #{realName})")
    void insert (PhoneData phoneData);
 
    /**
     * 更新数据
     * @param phoneData
     */
    @Update("update phone_data set phone = #{phone}, user_phone = #{userPhone}, name = #{name}, real_name = #{realName} where id = #{id}")
    void updateById (PhoneData phoneData);
 
    /**
     * 无参查询对象类型数据
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select id, phone, user_phone userPhone, name, real_name realName from phone_data where user_phone = #{userPhone}")
    List<PhoneData> selectList (PhoneData phoneData);
}

项目启动,访问添加、更新、查询接口,其sql日志打印出结果如下:

2022-01-07 14:46:35.348 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.insert    : ==>  Preparing: insert into phone_data (phone, user_phone, name, real_name) values (?, ?, ?, ?) 
2022-01-07 14:46:35.348 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.insert    : ==> Parameters: 15222222222(String), ZHlSotVArLBAviP2KWi3Cg==(String), 15222222222(String), ZHlSotVArLBAviP2KWi3Cg==(String)
2022-01-07 14:46:35.421 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.insert    : <==    Updates: 1
2022-01-07 14:46:35.422  INFO 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.controller.AopMapperController   :  插入的原数据 = {"name":"15222222222","phone":"15222222222","realName":"15222222222","userPhone":"15222222222"}
2022-01-07 14:46:54.470 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.updateById  : ==>  Preparing: update phone_data set phone = ?, user_phone = ?, name = ?, real_name = ? where id = ? 
2022-01-07 14:46:54.470 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.updateById  : ==> Parameters: 15222222222(String), ZHlSotVArLBAviP2KWi3Cg==(String), 15222222222(String), ZHlSotVArLBAviP2KWi3Cg==(String), 1(Integer)
2022-01-07 14:46:54.540 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.updateById  : <==    Updates: 1
2022-01-07 14:46:54.540  INFO 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.controller.AopMapperController   :  插入的原数据 = {"id":1,"name":"15222222222","phone":"15222222222","realName":"15222222222","userPhone":"15222222222"}
2022-01-07 14:46:55.754 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.selectList  : ==>  Preparing: select id, phone, user_phone userPhone, name, real_name realName from phone_data where user_phone = ? 
2022-01-07 14:46:55.754 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.selectList  : ==> Parameters: ZHlSotVArLBAviP2KWi3Cg==(String)
2022-01-07 14:46:55.790 DEBUG 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.w.mapper.PhoneDataMapper.selectList  : <==      Total: 1
2022-01-07 14:46:55.790  INFO 6688 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] c.m.web.controller.AopMapperController   :  selectList = [{"id":1,"name":"15222222222","phone":"15222222222","realName":"15222222222","userPhone":"15222222222"}]

MySQL数据库中的数据

4.png

总结

总结一下上述实现逻辑:

上述拦截器实现方式有一定局限性:

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