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SpringBoot发送html邮箱验证码功能

2021-12-17 10:49:04 作者：建桥之魂

这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot发送html邮箱验证码,本文通过实例代码给大家介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或工作具有一定的参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下

1. 效果展示(用户收到的)

2. 邮件推送管理（见以后的博客）

先看看如果管理员手动发送该如何操作

3. 后端核心代码（通用版）

3.1 SendEmailVO实体类

package com.example.han.model.VO;

import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.util.Map;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Schema(description = "发送邮件VO实体类")
public class SendEmailVO {
    @Schema(description = "收件人邮箱")
    String toAddress;
    @Schema(description = "模板名")
    String modelName;
    @Schema(description = "邮件标题")
    String title;
    @Schema(description = "文本里所需要参数")
    Map<String,String> parameters;
    @Schema(description = "调用者类型(管理员/服务)")
    String manageType;
    @Schema(description = "(调用者/服务)名称")
    String manager;
}

3.2 Controller层核心代码

   @Operation(summary = "发送html邮件")
   @PutMapping("/sendemail")
   public ResultReturn sendEmail(@RequestBody SendEmailVO sendEmailVO){
       return (sendModelService.sendEmailByParam(sendEmailVO));
   }

3.3 ServiceImpl层核心代码

    @Autowired
    HtmlEmailServiceImpl htmlEmailService;
    
    /**
     * 通过模板名查找html文本
     * @param name 模板名
     * @return 返回html文本
     */
    public String getTextByName(String name){
        List<MailModelDO> lists = mailRepository.getAllMailModel();
        for (MailModelDO list : lists){
            if(list.getModelName().equals(name)){
                return list.getHtmlText();
            }
        }
        return "NOT FOUND";
    }
    /**
     * 发送邮件的操作
     * @param sendEmailVO 发送邮件VO实体类
     * @return 收件人邮箱
     */
    public ResultReturn sendEmailByParam(SendEmailVO sendEmailVO){
        String str = getTextByName(sendEmailVO.getModelName());
        if(!CheckMail.checkMail(sendEmailVO.getToAddress())){
            return ResultReturnUtil.fail(WRONG_EMAIL_ADDRESS);
        }
        if(sendEmailVO.getTitle().equals("")){
            return ResultReturnUtil.fail(EMPTY_TITLE);
        }
        if(str.equals("NOT FOUND")){
            return ResultReturnUtil.fail(FIND_MODEL_FAILED);
        }
        ReplaceWordUtil replaceWordUtil = new ReplaceWordUtil();
        String content = replaceWordUtil.replaceWord(str,sendEmailVO.getParameters());

        MailInfoTO info = new MailInfoTO();
        info.setToAddress(sendEmailVO.getToAddress());
        info.setSubject(sendEmailVO.getTitle());
        info.setContent(content);
        try {
            htmlEmailService.sendHtmlMail(info);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //System.out.print("'"+sendEmailVO.getTitle()+"'的邮件发送失败！");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        MailHistoryDO mailHistoryDO = ToBeMailHistoryDO(sendEmailVO);
        mailRepository.saveHistory(mailHistoryDO);
        return ResultReturnUtil.success(SEND_EMAIL_SUCCESS,sendEmailVO.getToAddress());
    }

3.4 利用正则检查邮箱是否合法工具类

package com.example.han.util;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class CheckMail {
    public static boolean checkMail(String mail){
        Pattern pattern=Pattern.compile("\\w+([-+.]\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*");
        //\w+@(\w+.)+[a-z]{2,3}
        Matcher matcher=pattern.matcher(mail);
        return matcher.matches();
    }
}

3.5 字符替换工具类

就是为了将模板中的花括号替换成真正需要的东西

package com.example.han.util;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 将str通过map的key转换成value
 */
public class ReplaceWordUtil {
    public String replaceWord(String str, Map<String,String> map) {
        Iterator iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
            Object key = entry.getKey();
            Object value = entry.getValue();
            str = str.replace("{{"+key+"}}",value+"");
            //System.out.println(key+":"+value);
        }
        //System.out.println(str);
        return str;
    }
}

3.6 Reposity层逻辑并不是很好，是找出来所有模版以后，开始遍历出来想要的那一个

package com.example.han.repository;

import com.example.han.model.DO.MailHistoryDO;
import com.example.han.model.DO.MailModelDO;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public class MailRepository {
    @Autowired
    MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    public List<MailModelDO> getAllMailModel(){
        System.out.println(mongoTemplate.findAll(MailModelDO.class));
        return mongoTemplate.findAll(MailModelDO.class);
    }
}

3.7 发送html邮件的核心配置类

package com.example.han.service.impl;

import com.example.han.model.TO.MailInfoTO;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;


@Service
public class HtmlEmailServiceImpl{
    @Value("${spring.mail.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String formName;

    @Value("${spring.mail.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String replayAddress;

    /**
     * 发送html邮件
     * @param info MailInfo实体类
     * @throws Exception 抛出异常
     */
    public void sendHtmlMail(MailInfoTO info) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(host);
        System.out.println(formName);
        info.setHost(host);
        info.setFormName(formName);
        info.setFormPassword(password);   //网易邮箱的授权码~不一定是密码
        info.setReplayAddress(replayAddress);
        System.out.println(info.getHost());
        System.out.println(info.getContent());

        Message message = getMessage(info);
        // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
        Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
        // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
        BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
        // 设置HTML内容
        html.setContent(info.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
        mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
        // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
        message.setContent(mainPart);
        Transport.send(message);
    }

    public Message getMessage(MailInfoTO info) throws Exception{
        final Properties p = System.getProperties() ;
        p.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", info.getHost());
        p.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        p.setProperty("mail.smtp.user", info.getFormName());
        p.setProperty("mail.smtp.pass", info.getFormPassword());

        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
        Session session = Session.getInstance(p, new Authenticator(){
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication(p.getProperty("mail.smtp.user"),p.getProperty("mail.smtp.pass"));
            }
        });
        session.setDebug(true);
        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //消息发送的主题
        message.setSubject(info.getSubject());
        //接受消息的人
        message.setReplyTo(InternetAddress.parse(info.getReplayAddress()));
        //消息的发送者
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(p.getProperty("mail.smtp.user"),"这是我的名字"));
        // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(info.getToAddress()));
        // 消息发送的时间
        message.setSentDate(new Date());
        return message ;
    }
}

4. 后端代码（带例子版）

4.1 Controller层

    @Operation(summary = "设置并发送忘记密码的验证码")
    @PostMapping("/sendForgetPasswordCode")
    public ResultReturn sendForgetPasswordCode(String email) throws MyException {
        return userService.sendForgetCode(email);
    }

4.2 ServiceImpl层

这里我都配置到系统里去了，每次就不用管理员手动发送，只要用户发个请求，系统就能自动生成并发送验证码。
里面的工具类还有一些方法，可以查阅上面通用版里面的代码，这里我就不赘述了。

    @Override
    public ResultReturn sendForgetCode(String email) throws MyException {
        if(!CheckMail.checkMail(email)){
            throw new MyException(400,WRONG_EMAIL_ADDRESS);
        }
        String num = ""+RandomUtil.Code();
        redisUtil.setRedisKey("forgetCode", num, 60*5);    //先存入redis
        SendEmailVO sendEmailVO = new SendEmailVO();
        sendEmailVO.setManageType("System");
        sendEmailVO.setManager("ForgetPasswordSystem");
        sendEmailVO.setModelName("forgetCode");     //需要用的模版名字
        Map map = new HashMap<String,String>();
        map.put("code",num);
        sendEmailVO.setParameters(map);
        sendEmailVO.setTitle("诗云-忘记密码-验证码");
        sendEmailVO.setToAddress(email);
        sendEmailService.sendEmailByParam(sendEmailVO);
        return ResultReturnUtil.success(SEND_VERIFICATION_CODE_SUCCESS,email);
    }

5. html邮件内容

5.1 注册验证码模板

https://www.jb51.net/article/180220.htm

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