解决Springboot-application.properties中文乱码问题
作者:阿拉的梦想
Springboot-application.properties中文乱码
Springboot-application.properties编码问题 设置application.properties为utf-8读取配置的中文结果打印分析
设置application.properties为utf-8
UTF-8,这样在windows和linux服务器中查看配置文件都能正常显示中文。否则可能中文无法正常显示。
application.properties中配置如下:
demo.to-who=张三
读取配置的中文
@RestController public class TestController { @Value("${demo.to-who}") private String toWho; @RequestMapping("/test2") public Object test2() throws UnsupportedEncodingException { System.out.println(toWho); System.out.println(new String(toWho.getBytes("iso8859-1"))); System.out.println(new String(toWho.getBytes("iso8859-1"), "utf-8")); return null; } }
结果打印
需要将数据编码从iso8859-1转为utf-8才可正常使用。
å¼ ä¸‰
张三
张三
分析
源码中
private static class CharacterReader implements Closeable { // 其他代码省略 CharacterReader(Resource resource) throws IOException { this.reader = new LineNumberReader(new InputStreamReader( resource.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1)); } // 其他代码省略 }
也就是说不论application.properties文件被设置为哪种编码格式,最终还是以ISO-8859-1的编码格式进行加载。
而yml/yaml默认以UTF-8加载
Springboot配置文件application.properties支持中文
版本说明
本文不完全基于springboot-2.4.5,各版本需要重写类的逻辑各有不同,本文的代码只可模仿,不可复制
为什么不支持中文
PropertySourceLoader接口
先看读取配置文件的接口 org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader
Strategy interface located via {@link SpringFactoriesLoader} and used to load a {@link PropertySource}.
意思是说通过META-INF/spring.factories配置文件加载
PropertiesPropertySourceLoader类
接口 org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader下有两个默认实现
org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader负责读取yml文件,
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader负责读取properties和xml文件
OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader类
可以看出org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader.CharacterReader类
以ISO_8859_1编码方式读取properties文件
重写读取application.properties文件的逻辑
使SpringBoot配置文件application.properties支持中文
1.创建OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader文件
复制org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader文件内容,并修改ISO_8859_1编码为UTF_8编码
package com.xxx.config; import java.io.Closeable; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.LineNumberReader; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.function.BooleanSupplier; import org.springframework.boot.origin.Origin; import org.springframework.boot.origin.OriginTrackedValue; import org.springframework.boot.origin.TextResourceOrigin; import org.springframework.boot.origin.TextResourceOrigin.Location; import org.springframework.core.io.Resource; import org.springframework.util.Assert; /** * Class to load {@code .properties} files into a map of {@code String} -> * {@link OriginTrackedValue}. Also supports expansion of {@code name[]=a,b,c} list style * values. * * @author Madhura Bhave * @author Phillip Webb * @author Thiago Hirata */ public class MyOriginTrackedPropertiesLoader { private final Resource resource; /** * Create a new {@link OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader} instance. * @param resource the resource of the {@code .properties} data */ MyOriginTrackedPropertiesLoader(Resource resource) { Assert.notNull(resource, "Resource must not be null"); this.resource = resource; } /** * Load {@code .properties} data and return a list of documents. * @return the loaded properties * @throws IOException on read error */ List<Document> load() throws IOException { return load(true); } /** * Load {@code .properties} data and return a map of {@code String} -> * {@link OriginTrackedValue}. * @param expandLists if list {@code name[]=a,b,c} shortcuts should be expanded * @return the loaded properties * @throws IOException on read error */ List<Document> load(boolean expandLists) throws IOException { List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>(); Document document = new Document(); StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); try (CharacterReader reader = new CharacterReader(this.resource)) { while (reader.read()) { if (reader.isPoundCharacter()) { if (isNewDocument(reader)) { if (!document.isEmpty()) { documents.add(document); } document = new Document(); } else { if (document.isEmpty() && !documents.isEmpty()) { document = documents.remove(documents.size() - 1); } reader.setLastLineComment(true); reader.skipComment(); } } else { reader.setLastLineComment(false); loadKeyAndValue(expandLists, document, reader, buffer); } } } if (!document.isEmpty() && !documents.contains(document)) { documents.add(document); } return documents; } private void loadKeyAndValue(boolean expandLists, Document document, CharacterReader reader, StringBuilder buffer) throws IOException { String key = loadKey(buffer, reader).trim(); if (expandLists && key.endsWith("[]")) { key = key.substring(0, key.length() - 2); int index = 0; do { OriginTrackedValue value = loadValue(buffer, reader, true); document.put(key + "[" + (index++) + "]", value); if (!reader.isEndOfLine()) { reader.read(); } } while (!reader.isEndOfLine()); } else { OriginTrackedValue value = loadValue(buffer, reader, false); document.put(key, value); } } private String loadKey(StringBuilder buffer, CharacterReader reader) throws IOException { buffer.setLength(0); boolean previousWhitespace = false; while (!reader.isEndOfLine()) { if (reader.isPropertyDelimiter()) { reader.read(); return buffer.toString(); } if (!reader.isWhiteSpace() && previousWhitespace) { return buffer.toString(); } previousWhitespace = reader.isWhiteSpace(); buffer.append(reader.getCharacter()); reader.read(); } return buffer.toString(); } private OriginTrackedValue loadValue(StringBuilder buffer, CharacterReader reader, boolean splitLists) throws IOException { buffer.setLength(0); while (reader.isWhiteSpace() && !reader.isEndOfLine()) { reader.read(); } Location location = reader.getLocation(); while (!reader.isEndOfLine() && !(splitLists && reader.isListDelimiter())) { buffer.append(reader.getCharacter()); reader.read(); } Origin origin = new TextResourceOrigin(this.resource, location); return OriginTrackedValue.of(buffer.toString(), origin); } private boolean isNewDocument(CharacterReader reader) throws IOException { if (reader.isLastLineComment()) { return false; } boolean result = reader.getLocation().getColumn() == 0 && reader.isPoundCharacter(); result = result && readAndExpect(reader, reader::isHyphenCharacter); result = result && readAndExpect(reader, reader::isHyphenCharacter); result = result && readAndExpect(reader, reader::isHyphenCharacter); if (!reader.isEndOfLine()) { reader.read(); reader.skipWhitespace(); } return result && reader.isEndOfLine(); } private boolean readAndExpect(CharacterReader reader, BooleanSupplier check) throws IOException { reader.read(); return check.getAsBoolean(); } /** * Reads characters from the source resource, taking care of skipping comments, * handling multi-line values and tracking {@code '\'} escapes. */ private static class CharacterReader implements Closeable { private static final String[] ESCAPES = { "trnf", "\t\r\n\f" }; private final LineNumberReader reader; private int columnNumber = -1; private boolean escaped; private int character; private boolean lastLineComment; CharacterReader(Resource resource) throws IOException { this.reader = new LineNumberReader( new InputStreamReader(resource.getInputStream(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); } @Override public void close() throws IOException { this.reader.close(); } boolean read() throws IOException { return read(false); } boolean read(boolean wrappedLine) throws IOException { this.escaped = false; this.character = this.reader.read(); this.columnNumber++; if (this.columnNumber == 0) { skipWhitespace(); if (!wrappedLine) { if (this.character == '!') { skipComment(); } } } if (this.character == '\\') { this.escaped = true; readEscaped(); } else if (this.character == '\n') { this.columnNumber = -1; } return !isEndOfFile(); } private void skipWhitespace() throws IOException { while (isWhiteSpace()) { this.character = this.reader.read(); this.columnNumber++; } } private void setLastLineComment(boolean lastLineComment) { this.lastLineComment = lastLineComment; } private boolean isLastLineComment() { return this.lastLineComment; } private void skipComment() throws IOException { while (this.character != '\n' && this.character != -1) { this.character = this.reader.read(); } this.columnNumber = -1; } private void readEscaped() throws IOException { this.character = this.reader.read(); int escapeIndex = ESCAPES[0].indexOf(this.character); if (escapeIndex != -1) { this.character = ESCAPES[1].charAt(escapeIndex); } else if (this.character == '\n') { this.columnNumber = -1; read(true); } else if (this.character == 'u') { readUnicode(); } } private void readUnicode() throws IOException { this.character = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { int digit = this.reader.read(); if (digit >= '0' && digit <= '9') { this.character = (this.character << 4) + digit - '0'; } else if (digit >= 'a' && digit <= 'f') { this.character = (this.character << 4) + digit - 'a' + 10; } else if (digit >= 'A' && digit <= 'F') { this.character = (this.character << 4) + digit - 'A' + 10; } else { throw new IllegalStateException("Malformed \\uxxxx encoding."); } } } boolean isWhiteSpace() { return !this.escaped && (this.character == ' ' || this.character == '\t' || this.character == '\f'); } boolean isEndOfFile() { return this.character == -1; } boolean isEndOfLine() { return this.character == -1 || (!this.escaped && this.character == '\n'); } boolean isListDelimiter() { return !this.escaped && this.character == ','; } boolean isPropertyDelimiter() { return !this.escaped && (this.character == '=' || this.character == ':'); } char getCharacter() { return (char) this.character; } Location getLocation() { return new Location(this.reader.getLineNumber(), this.columnNumber); } boolean isPoundCharacter() { return this.character == '#'; } boolean isHyphenCharacter() { return this.character == '-'; } } /** * A single document within the properties file. */ static class Document { private final Map<String, OriginTrackedValue> values = new LinkedHashMap<>(); void put(String key, OriginTrackedValue value) { if (!key.isEmpty()) { this.values.put(key, value); } } boolean isEmpty() { return this.values.isEmpty(); } Map<String, OriginTrackedValue> asMap() { return this.values; } } }
2.创建PropertiesPropertySourceLoader文件
复制org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader文件内容,并将调用org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedPropertiesLoader类改为调用com.xxx.config.MyOriginTrackedPropertiesLoader类
package com.xxx.config; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.boot.env.OriginTrackedMapPropertySource; import org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader; import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource; import org.springframework.core.io.Resource; import org.springframework.core.io.support.PropertiesLoaderUtils; import com.xxx.config.MyOriginTrackedPropertiesLoader.Document; /** * Strategy to load '.properties' files into a {@link PropertySource}. * * @author Dave Syer * @author Phillip Webb * @author Madhura Bhave * @since 1.0.0 */ public class MyPropertiesPropertySourceLoader implements PropertySourceLoader { private static final String XML_FILE_EXTENSION = ".xml"; @Override public String[] getFileExtensions() { return new String[] { "properties", "xml" }; } @Override public List<PropertySource<?>> load(String name, Resource resource) throws IOException { List<Map<String, ?>> properties = loadProperties(resource); if (properties.isEmpty()) { return Collections.emptyList(); } List<PropertySource<?>> propertySources = new ArrayList<>(properties.size()); for (int i = 0; i < properties.size(); i++) { String documentNumber = (properties.size() != 1) ? " (document #" + i + ")" : ""; propertySources.add(new OriginTrackedMapPropertySource(name + documentNumber, Collections.unmodifiableMap(properties.get(i)), true)); } return propertySources; } @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" }) private List<Map<String, ?>> loadProperties(Resource resource) throws IOException { String filename = resource.getFilename(); List<Map<String, ?>> result = new ArrayList<>(); if (filename != null && filename.endsWith(XML_FILE_EXTENSION)) { result.add((Map) PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource)); } else { List<Document> documents = new MyOriginTrackedPropertiesLoader(resource).load(); documents.forEach((document) -> result.add(document.asMap())); } return result; } }
3.创建spring.factories文件
在resources资源目录下创建/META-INF/spring.factories文件
文件内容为
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader=\ com.xxx.config.MyPropertiesPropertySourceLoader
测试
创建application.properties文件
abc=中文测试
创建service类,使用@Value注入abc变量
@Value("${abc}") private String abc;
分别在com.xxx.config.MyPropertiesPropertySourceLoader类、org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader类、org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader类的load方法打断点
以debug方式运行项目,可以看到只加载了com.xxx.config.MyPropertiesPropertySourceLoader类和org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader类,
发请求查看abc变量的值为:中文测试,已经不乱码了
最后
配置中心properties文件的中文属性也没有了乱码
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。