Java 设计模式之责任链模式及异步责任链详解
作者：普通人zzz~
顾名思义，责任链模式（Chain of Responsibility Pattern）为请求创建了一个接收者对象的链。这种模式给予请求的类型，对请求的发送者和接收者进行解耦。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式
一、定义
责任链模式(Chain of Responsibility Pattern)：避免将一个请求的发送者与接受者耦合在一起，让多个对象都有机会处理请求。将接受请求的对象连接成一条链，并且沿着这条链传递请求，直到有一个对象能够处理它为止。
在很多源码都有涉及，如Mybatis拦截器、Filter…
责任链模式属于行为型模式。
二、普通责任链模式
抽象处理类：AbstractProcessor
/**
* 抽象处理类
*/
public abstract class AbstractProcessor {
// 责任链
private AbstractProcessor nextProcessor;
public void setNextProcessor(AbstractProcessor nextProcessor){
this.nextProcessor = nextProcessor;
}
/**
* 链路调用
* @param obj
*/
public void execute(Object obj) {
this.processor(obj);
if (this.nextProcessor != null){
this.nextProcessor.execute(obj);
}
}
public abstract void processor(Object obj);
}
具体类：ParamsProcessor、CheckProcessor、FinalProcessor
public class ParamsProcessor extends AbstractProcessor{
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("paramsProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
public class CheckProcessor extends AbstractProcessor{
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("checkProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
public class FinalProcessor extends AbstractProcessor{
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("finalProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
测试类：ProcessorMainTest
public class ProcessorMainTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 构建一个链路
* paramsProcessor -> checkProcessor -> finalProcessor
*/
AbstractProcessor paramsProcessor = new ParamsProcessor();
AbstractProcessor checkProcessor = new CheckProcessor();
AbstractProcessor finalProcessor = new FinalProcessor();
paramsProcessor.setNextProcessor(checkProcessor);
checkProcessor.setNextProcessor(finalProcessor);
paramsProcessor.execute("Java责任链模式");
}
}
执行结果
paramsProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java责任链模式
checkProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java责任链模式
finalProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java责任链模式
三、异步责任链模式
异步责任链模式采用责任链模式、生产者消费者模式组合。
抽象处理类：AbstractAsynProcessor
/**
* 异步责任链：采用线程、生产者消费者模式实现
*/
public abstract class AbstractAsynProcessor extends Thread {
// 用于存放当前责任链需要处理的对象
protected BlockingQueue<Object> queue;
// 链路对象
private AbstractAsynProcessor nextProcessor;
/**
* 执行
*
* @param obj
*/
public void execute(Object obj) throws InterruptedException {
this.processor(obj);
if (this.nextProcessor != null) {
this.nextProcessor.getQueue().put(obj);
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
// 执行
try {
while (true) {
// 生产者消费者
Object obj = this.queue.take();
execute(obj);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public abstract void processor(Object obj);
public BlockingQueue<Object> getQueue() {
return queue;
}
public void setNextProcessor(AbstractAsynProcessor nextProcessor) {
this.nextProcessor = nextProcessor;
}
}
具体类：AsynParamsProcessor、AsynCheckProcessor、AsynFinalProcessor
public class AsynParamsProcessor extends AbstractAsynProcessor {
public AsynParamsProcessor() {
// 初始化队列
this.queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
}
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("asynParamsProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
public class AsynCheckProcessor extends AbstractAsynProcessor {
public AsynCheckProcessor(){
this.queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
}
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("asynCheckProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
public class AsynFinalProcessor extends AbstractAsynProcessor {
public AsynFinalProcessor() {
this.queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
}
@Override
public void processor(Object obj) {
System.out.println("asynFinalProcessor>>>>>>>>>>" + obj.toString());
}
}
测试类：AsynProcessorMainTest
public class AsynProcessorMainTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
/**
* 构建一个链路
* asynParamsProcessor -> asynCheckProcessor -> asynFinalProcessor
*/
AbstractAsynProcessor asynParamsProcessor = new AsynParamsProcessor();
asynParamsProcessor.start();
AbstractAsynProcessor asynCheckProcessor = new AsynCheckProcessor();
asynCheckProcessor.start();
AbstractAsynProcessor asynFinalProcessor = new AsynFinalProcessor();
asynFinalProcessor.start();
asynParamsProcessor.setNextProcessor(asynCheckProcessor);
asynCheckProcessor.setNextProcessor(asynFinalProcessor);
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.print("请输入：");
asynParamsProcessor.getQueue().put(input.next());
}
}
}
执行结果
请输入：Java异步责任链
asynParamsProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java异步责任链
asynCheckProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java异步责任链
asynFinalProcessor>>>>>>>>>>Java异步责任链
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