Python 注解方式实现缓存数据详解
作者：liuxing93619
这篇文章主要介绍了Python 注解方式实现缓存数,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
背景
每次加载数据都要重新Load，想通过加入的注解方式开发缓存机制，每次缓存不用写代码了
缺点：目前仅支持一个返回值，虽然能弄成字典，但是已经满足个人需求，没动力改(狗头)。
拿来即用
新建文件 Cache.py
class Cache:
def __init__(self, cache_path='.', nocache=False):
self.cache_path = cache_path
self.cache = not nocache
def __call__(self, func):
@wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
s = f'{func.__code__.co_filename}.{func.__name__}'
s += ','.join(list(args[1:]) + [f'{k}={v}' for k, v in kwargs.items()])
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(s.encode('utf-8'))
cache_file = f'{self.cache_path}/{md5.hexdigest()}'
if self.cache and os.path.exists(cache_file):
print('Loading from cache')
return pickle.load(open(cache_file, 'rb'))
else:
if not os.path.exists(self.cache_path):
os.makedirs(self.cache_path)
data = func(*args, **kwargs)
pickle.dump(data, file=open(cache_file, 'wb'))
print(f'Dump finished {cache_file}')
return data
return wrapper
from .Cache import Cache
@Cache(root_path, nocache=True)
def load_data(self, inpath):
return 'Wula~a~a~!'
实践过程
第一次，来个简单的继承父类
class Cache(object):
def __init__(self, cache_path=None):
self.cache_path = cache_path if cache_path else '.'
self.cache_path = f'{self.cache_path}/cache'
self.data = self.load_cache()
def load_cache(self):
if os.path.exists(self.cache_path):
print('Loading from cache')
return pickle.load(open(self.cache_path, 'rb'))
else:
return None
def save_cache(self):
pickle.dump(self.data, file=open(self.cache_path, 'wb'))
print(f'Dump finished {self.cache_path}')
class Filter4Analyzer(Cache):
def __init__(self, rootpath, datapath):
super().__init__(rootpath)
self.root_path = rootpath
if self.data is None:
self.data = self.load_data(datapath)
self.save_cache()
只要继承Cache类就可以啦，但是有很多局限，例如只能指定某个参数被cache，例如还得在Filter4Analyzer里面写保存的代码。
下一步，python嵌套装饰器来改善这个问题
from functools import wraps
import hashlib
def cached(cache_path):
def wrapperper(func):
@wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
s = f'{func.__code__.co_filename}.{func.__name__}' + ','.join(args[1:])
s += ','.join(list(args[1:]) + [f'{k}={v}' for k, v in kwargs.items()])
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(s.encode('utf-8'))
cache_file = f'{cache_path}/{md5.hexdigest()}' if cache_path else './cache'
if os.path.exists(cache_file):
print('Loading from cache')
return pickle.load(open(cache_file, 'rb'))
else:
if not os.path.exists(cache_path):
os.makedirs(cache_path)
data = func(*args, **kwargs)
pickle.dump(data, file=open(cache_file, 'wb'))
print(f'Dump finished {cache_file}')
return data
return wrapper
return wrapperper
class Tester:
@cached(cache_path='./workpath_test')
def test(self, data_path):
return ['hiahia']
通过装饰器类简化代码
class Cache:
def __init__(self, cache_path='.', nocache=False):
self.cache_path = cache_path
self.cache = not nocache
def __call__(self, func):
@wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
s = f'{func.__code__.co_filename}.{func.__name__}'
s += ','.join(list(args[1:]) + [f'{k}={v}' for k, v in kwargs.items()])
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(s.encode('utf-8'))
cache_file = f'{self.cache_path}/{md5.hexdigest()}'
if self.cache and os.path.exists(cache_file):
print('Loading from cache')
return pickle.load(open(cache_file, 'rb'))
else:
if not os.path.exists(self.cache_path):
os.makedirs(self.cache_path)
data = func(*args, **kwargs)
pickle.dump(data, file=open(cache_file, 'wb'))
print(f'Dump finished {cache_file}')
return data
return wrapper
参考：
Python函数属性和PyCodeObject
总结
本篇文章就到这里了，希望能够给你带来帮助，也希望您能够多多关注脚本之家的更多内容！