python 基于 tkinter 做个学生版的计算器
作者：顾木子吖
这篇文章主要介绍了基于Python编写一个计算器程序，实现简单的加减乘除和取余二元运算，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
导语
九月初家里的熊孩子终于开始上学了！
半个月过去了，小孩子每周都会带着一堆的数学作业回来，哈哈哈哈~真好，在家做作业就没时间打扰我写代码了。
很赞，鹅鹅鹅饿鹅鹅鹅~曲项向天歌~~~~开心到原地起飞。
孩子昨天回家之后吃完饭就悄咪咪的说，神神秘秘的我以为做什么？结果是班主任让他们每个人带一个计算器，平常做数学算数的时候可以在家用用，嗯哼~这还用卖嘛？
立马给孩子用Python制作了一款简直一摸一样的学生计算器~
正文
本文的学生计算器是基于tkinter做的界面化的小程序哈！
math模块中定义了一些数学函数。由于这个模块属于编译系统自带，因此它可以被无条件调用。
都是自带的所以不用安装可以直接使用。
定义各种运算，设置显示框字节等：
oot = tkinter.Tk()
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
'''hypeparameter'''
# 是否按下了运算符
IS_CALC = False
# 存储数字
STORAGE = []
# 显示框最多显示多少个字符
MAXSHOWLEN = 18
# 当前显示的数字
CurrentShow = tkinter.StringVar()
CurrentShow.set('0')
'''按下数字键(0-9)'''
def pressNumber(number):
global IS_CALC
if IS_CALC:
CurrentShow.set('0')
IS_CALC = False
if CurrentShow.get() == '0':
CurrentShow.set(number)
else:
if len(CurrentShow.get()) < MAXSHOWLEN:
CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get() + number)
'''按下小数点'''
def pressDP():
global IS_CALC
if IS_CALC:
CurrentShow.set('0')
IS_CALC = False
if len(CurrentShow.get().split('.')) == 1:
if len(CurrentShow.get()) < MAXSHOWLEN:
CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get() + '.')
'''清零'''
def clearAll():
global STORAGE
global IS_CALC
STORAGE.clear()
IS_CALC = False
CurrentShow.set('0')
'''清除当前显示框内所有数字'''
def clearCurrent():
CurrentShow.set('0')
'''删除显示框内最后一个数字'''
def delOne():
global IS_CALC
if IS_CALC:
CurrentShow.set('0')
IS_CALC = False
if CurrentShow.get() != '0':
if len(CurrentShow.get()) > 1:
CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get()[:-1])
else:
CurrentShow.set('0')
'''计算答案修正'''
def modifyResult(result):
result = str(result)
if len(result) > MAXSHOWLEN:
if len(result.split('.')[0]) > MAXSHOWLEN:
result = 'Overflow'
else:
# 直接舍去不考虑四舍五入问题
result = result[:MAXSHOWLEN]
return result
按下运算符：
def pressOperator(operator):
global STORAGE
global IS_CALC
if operator == '+/-':
if CurrentShow.get().startswith('-'):
CurrentShow.set(CurrentShow.get()[1:])
else:
CurrentShow.set('-'+CurrentShow.get())
elif operator == '1/x':
try:
result = 1 / float(CurrentShow.get())
except:
result = 'illegal operation'
result = modifyResult(result)
CurrentShow.set(result)
IS_CALC = True
elif operator == 'sqrt':
try:
result = math.sqrt(float(CurrentShow.get()))
except:
result = 'illegal operation'
result = modifyResult(result)
CurrentShow.set(result)
IS_CALC = True
elif operator == 'MC':
STORAGE.clear()
elif operator == 'MR':
if IS_CALC:
CurrentShow.set('0')
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
expression = ''.join(STORAGE)
try:
result = eval(expression)
except:
result = 'illegal operation'
result = modifyResult(result)
CurrentShow.set(result)
IS_CALC = True
elif operator == 'MS':
STORAGE.clear()
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
elif operator == 'M+':
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
elif operator == 'M-':
if CurrentShow.get().startswith('-'):
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
else:
STORAGE.append('-' + CurrentShow.get())
elif operator in ['+', '-', '*', '/', '%']:
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
STORAGE.append(operator)
IS_CALC = True
elif operator == '=':
if IS_CALC:
CurrentShow.set('0')
STORAGE.append(CurrentShow.get())
expression = ''.join(STORAGE)
try:
result = eval(expression)
# 除以0的情况
except:
result = 'illegal operation'
result = modifyResult(result)
CurrentShow.set(result)
STORAGE.clear()
IS_CALC = True
学生计算器的文本布局界面：
def Demo():
root.minsize(320, 420)
root.title('学生计算器')
# 布局
# --文本框
label = tkinter.Label(root, textvariable=CurrentShow, bg='black', anchor='e', bd=5, fg='white', font=('楷体', 20))
label.place(x=20, y=50, width=280, height=50)
# --第一行
# ----Memory clear
button1_1 = tkinter.Button(text='MC', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MC'))
button1_1.place(x=20, y=110, width=50, height=35)
# ----Memory read
button1_2 = tkinter.Button(text='MR', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MR'))
button1_2.place(x=77.5, y=110, width=50, height=35)
# ----Memory save
button1_3 = tkinter.Button(text='MS', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('MS'))
button1_3.place(x=135, y=110, width=50, height=35)
# ----Memory +
button1_4 = tkinter.Button(text='M+', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('M+'))
button1_4.place(x=192.5, y=110, width=50, height=35)
# ----Memory -
button1_5 = tkinter.Button(text='M-', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('M-'))
button1_5.place(x=250, y=110, width=50, height=35)
# --第二行
# ----删除单个数字
button2_1 = tkinter.Button(text='del', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:delOne())
button2_1.place(x=20, y=155, width=50, height=35)
# ----清除当前显示框内所有数字
button2_2 = tkinter.Button(text='CE', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:clearCurrent())
button2_2.place(x=77.5, y=155, width=50, height=35)
# ----清零(相当于重启)
button2_3 = tkinter.Button(text='C', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:clearAll())
button2_3.place(x=135, y=155, width=50, height=35)
# ----取反
button2_4 = tkinter.Button(text='+/-', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('+/-'))
button2_4.place(x=192.5, y=155, width=50, height=35)
# ----开根号
button2_5 = tkinter.Button(text='sqrt', bg='#666', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('sqrt'))
button2_5.place(x=250, y=155, width=50, height=35)
# --第三行
# ----7
button3_1 = tkinter.Button(text='7', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('7'))
button3_1.place(x=20, y=200, width=50, height=35)
# ----8
button3_2 = tkinter.Button(text='8', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('8'))
button3_2.place(x=77.5, y=200, width=50, height=35)
# ----9
button3_3 = tkinter.Button(text='9', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('9'))
button3_3.place(x=135, y=200, width=50, height=35)
# ----除
button3_4 = tkinter.Button(text='/', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('/'))
button3_4.place(x=192.5, y=200, width=50, height=35)
# ----取余
button3_5 = tkinter.Button(text='%', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('%'))
button3_5.place(x=250, y=200, width=50, height=35)
# --第四行
# ----4
button4_1 = tkinter.Button(text='4', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('4'))
button4_1.place(x=20, y=245, width=50, height=35)
# ----5
button4_2 = tkinter.Button(text='5', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('5'))
button4_2.place(x=77.5, y=245, width=50, height=35)
# ----6
button4_3 = tkinter.Button(text='6', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('6'))
button4_3.place(x=135, y=245, width=50, height=35)
# ----乘
button4_4 = tkinter.Button(text='*', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('*'))
button4_4.place(x=192.5, y=245, width=50, height=35)
# ----取导数
button4_5 = tkinter.Button(text='1/x', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('1/x'))
button4_5.place(x=250, y=245, width=50, height=35)
# --第五行
# ----3
button5_1 = tkinter.Button(text='3', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('3'))
button5_1.place(x=20, y=290, width=50, height=35)
# ----2
button5_2 = tkinter.Button(text='2', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('2'))
button5_2.place(x=77.5, y=290, width=50, height=35)
# ----1
button5_3 = tkinter.Button(text='1', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('1'))
button5_3.place(x=135, y=290, width=50, height=35)
# ----减
button5_4 = tkinter.Button(text='-', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('-'))
button5_4.place(x=192.5, y=290, width=50, height=35)
# ----等于
button5_5 = tkinter.Button(text='=', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('='))
button5_5.place(x=250, y=290, width=50, height=80)
# --第六行
# ----0
button6_1 = tkinter.Button(text='0', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressNumber('0'))
button6_1.place(x=20, y=335, width=107.5, height=35)
# ----小数点
button6_2 = tkinter.Button(text='.', bg='#bbbbbb', bd=2, command=lambda:pressDP())
button6_2.place(x=135, y=335, width=50, height=35)
# ----加
button6_3 = tkinter.Button(text='+', bg='#708069', bd=2, command=lambda:pressOperator('+'))
button6_3.place(x=192.5, y=335, width=50, height=35)
root.mainloop()
效果如下：
总结
好啦！学生计算器就写完啦，简单不~记得三连哦，嘿嘿。
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