一篇文章带你了解Python和Java的正则表达式对比
作者：8su
正则表达式有元字符及不同组合来构成，通过巧妙的构造正则表达式可以匹配任意字符串，并完成复杂的字符串处理任务，希望本片文章能给你带来帮助
参考资料：
简单批量替换
举例：将and 批量替换为&&
Python实现
import re
def transformSimple(fromRegex, toText, inText):
return re.sub(fromRegex, toText,inText, flags =re.I)
if __name__ == "__main__":
inText = "x =1 and y =2"
fromRegex = " and "
toText = " && "
outText = transformSimple(fromRegex,toText,inText )
print(outText)
## OUTPUT： x =1 && y =2
Java实现
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class RegexTest {
private static String transformSimple(String regexPattern, String replText, String inText){
return Pattern.compile(regexPattern, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE).matcher(inText).replaceAll(replText);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input = "x =1 and y =2";
String patternString =" and ";
String toText = " && ";
String outText ="";
outText = transformSimple(patternString, toText, input);
System.out.println("RESULT: " + outText);
}
// RESULT: x =1 && y =2
复杂模板替换
举例：将x in (1,2)批量替换为[1,2].contains(x)
分析： 模板化
- 输入分组捕获
(\S+)\s+in\s*\((.+?)\) - 输出分组填写
[@2].contains(@1) – @1和@2分别对应分组捕获中的第1组和2组。
Python实现
import re
def transformComplex(fromRegex, toText, inText):
regObj = re.compile(fromRegex, flags =re.I)
for match in regObj.finditer(inText):
index = 1
outText = toText
for group in match.groups():
outText = outText.replace("@"+str(index), group)
index +=1
inText = inText.replace(match.group(0), outText)
return inText
if __name__ == "__main__":
fromRegex = "(\S+)\s+in\s*\((.+?)\)"
toText = "[@2].contains(@1)"
inText = "x in (1,2) and y in (3,4)"
outText22 = transformComplex(fromRegex, toText, inText)
print(outText22)
## OUTPUT: [1,2].contains(x) and [3,4].contains(y)
Java实现
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class RegexTest {
private static String transformComplex(String regexPattern, String replText, String inText){
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regexPattern, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(inText);
String outText ="";
while (matcher.find()){
outText = replText;
for (int i =1; i <= matcher.groupCount(); i++){
outText = outText.replace("@"+i, matcher.group(i));
}
inText = inText.replace(matcher.group(0), outText);
}
return inText;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input = "x in (1,2) and y in (3,4)";
String patternString ="(\\S+)\\s+in\\s*\\((.+?)\\)";
String toText = "[@2].contains(@1)";
String outText ="";
outText = transformComplex(patternString, toText, input);
System.out.println("RESULT: " + outText);
}
}
// RESULT: [1,2].contains(x) and [3,4].contains(y)
总结
本篇文章就到这里了，希望能够给你带来帮助，也希望您能够多多关注脚本之家的更多内容！