java 如何从字符串里面提取时间
作者：cpown
这篇文章主要介绍了java实现从字符串里面提取时间的方式，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教
如何从字符串里面提取时间
今天接到一个需求，需要从一段带有时间串的字符串里面提取出时间保存。
"PDFS(iZh9k5gurgwcwpZ) 2020-01-01 21:27:36.560 >订单编号:1112233 提交订单成功! 跟踪号:待取跟踪号 内部单号:2342244"
需要从上面数据中心提取出 2020-01-01 21:27:36要怎么操作呢？
我们可以使用正则表达式
对时间串进行提取，并处理，代码如下：
package com.epean.trade.framework.util;
import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateFormatUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateUtils;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* Created by chpeng on 2020/08/18 0008.
*/
public class StringDateUtils {
/**
*
* @Description: 从字符串中截取出正确的时间
* @param stringTime
* @return:
* @throws
*/
public static Date cutDate(String stringTime) {
String regs[] = { "\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时", "\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{1}日", "\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{1}日",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}", "\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{1}", "\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{1}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时", "\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{1}", "\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{1}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{4}/\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}时", "\\d{4}年\\d{2}月\\d{2}日",
"\\d{2}月\\d{1}日", "\\d{4}年\\d{1}月\\d{2}日",
"\\d{1}月\\d{1}日",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}月\\d{2}日\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}月\\d{2}日\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}", "\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{1}", "\\d{4}-\\d{1}-\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}-\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}-\\d{1}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{2}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{1}-\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时", "\\d{4}.\\d{2}.\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{1}", "\\d{4}.\\d{1}.\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{1}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}.\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分\\d{2}秒",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时\\d{2}分",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}时",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}时",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{1}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{1}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}:\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{2}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{2}",
"\\d{1}/\\d{2}\\s\\d{1}",
};
String str = "";
Date date = null;
for (String reg : regs) {
String temp = match(reg, stringTime);
if (temp.length() > str.length()) {
str = temp;
if (!"".equals(str)) {
date = formatDate(str);
}
}
}
return date;
}
/**
*
* @Description: 把String格式的时间转化为date
* @param stringTime
* @return:
* @throws
*/
public static Date formatDate(String stringTime) {
Date date = null;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(stringTime)) {
String[] pattern = new String[] { "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时mm分ss秒",
"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时mm分",
"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分", "yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时",
"yyyy年MM月dd日", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm:ss",
"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm",
"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm", "yyyy年MM月dd日 HH", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH",
"yyyy-MM-dd HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy-MM-dd HH时mm分",
"yyyy-MM-dd HH时", "yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm", "yyyy-MM-dd HH",
"yyyy/MM/dd HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy/MM/dd HH时mm分",
"yyyy/MM/dd HH时", "yyyy/MM/dd", "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss",
"yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm", "yyyy/MM/dd HH", "yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss",
"yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm", "yyyy.MM.dd HH", "yyyy.MM.dd",
"yyyyMMdd", };
try {
date = DateUtils.parseDate(stringTime, pattern);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return date;
}
public static String match(String reg, String stringTime) {
Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
Matcher m = p.matcher(stringTime);
String s = "";
if (m.find()) {
s += m.group();
}
return s;
}
/**
* 格式化
* @Title: DateToString
* @Description:
* @param time
* @return:
* @throws
*/
public static String DateToString(Date time) {
String newDate = DateFormatUtils.format(time,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return newDate;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String stringTime = "PDFS(iZh9k5gurgwcwpZ) 2020-01-01 21:27:36.560 >订单编号:1112233 提交订单成功! 跟踪号:待取跟踪号 内部单号:2342244";
Date date = cutDate(stringTime);
System.out.println(date);
System.out.println(DateToString(date));
}
}
我们测试一下：
没问题的。
从字符串中提取年份，要求输出1000-4999之间的所有年份
正则表达式
常用正则表达式：
\d: 数字字符匹配。等效于 [0-9]\D: 非数字字符匹配。等效于 [^0-9]。{n}: n为非负整数，正好匹配n次{n,}: n为非负整数，至少匹配n次[a-z]: 字符范围。匹配指定范围内的任何字符,例如，"[a-z]"匹配"a"到"z"范围内的任何小写字母。[^a-z]: 反向范围字符。匹配不在指定的范围内的任何字符。例如，"[^a-z]"匹配任何不在"a"到"z"范围内的任何字符。\: 将下一字符标记为特殊字符、文本、反向引用或八进制转义符^: 匹配输入字符串开始的位置$: 匹配输入字符串结尾的位置。*: 零次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，zo* 匹配"z"和"zoo"。* 等效于 {0,}+: 一次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"zo+"与"zo"和"zoo"匹配，但与"z"不匹配。+ 等效于 {1,}。?: 零次或一次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"do(es)?"匹配"do"或"does"中的"do"。? 等效于 {0,1}。
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class JingDong {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String str = sc.nextLine();
String reg = "\\D[1-4]\\d{3}\\D";//eg：a2019a、a2019、2019a
// 前面不能是数字，后面也不能是数字
str = str +"a";
str = "a" + str;
Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
Matcher matcher = p.matcher(str);
while(matcher.find()){
System.out.print(matcher.group(0).substring(1,5) + " ");
}
}
public static boolean isNum(char a){
if(Character.isDigit(a)){
return true;
}else
return false;
}
}
传统匹配：
import java.util.*;
public class JingDong {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String str = sc.nextLine();
if(str.length()<=2000){
String out = "";
for (int i = 0; i < str.length()-1;) {
if(isNum(str.charAt(i) )&& Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(str.charAt(i))) <=4 && Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(str.charAt(i)))>=1){
if(isNum(str.charAt(i+1))){
if(isNum(str.charAt(i+2))){
if(isNum(str.charAt(i+3))){
if (!isNum(str.charAt(i+4))){
out += str.substring(i,i+4);
out += " ";
i+=4;
}
i+=4;
}else
i++;
}else
i++;
}else
i++;
}else
i++;
}
System.out.println(out);
}
public static boolean isNum(char a){
if(Character.isDigit(a)){
return true;
}else
return false;
}
}
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。