docker 部署mysql详细过程(docker部署常见应用)
作者:haoprogrammer
之前给大家介绍过:docker(部署常见应用):docker部署nginx
docker部署mysql:5.7.26
# 下载镜像 docker pull mysql:5.7.26 # 查看镜像 docker images|grep mysql # 启动容器镜像,建议在/usr/local/workspace/mysql 下执行以下docker run 命令 docker run -p 13306:3306 --name my-mysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7.26 # 建议写死路径 docker run -p 13306:3306 --name my-mysql -v /usr/local/workspace/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql -v /usr/local/workspace/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7.26
命令说明:
-p 13306:3306 将容器的 3306 端口映射到主机的 3306 端口
--name my-mysql 启动后容器名为my-mysql
-v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql 将主机当前目录下的 conf/ 挂载到容器的 /etc/mysql (conf目录为mysql的配置文件,不挂载也没问题)
-v $PWD/logs:/logs 将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /logs (logs目录为mysql的日志目录,不挂载也没影响)
-v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql 将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/mysql (data目录为mysql配置的数据文件存放路径,这个还是建议挂载,是存储数据的,容器down掉,还能再次挂载数据。)
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 初始化 root 用户的密码
查看容器启动情况
[xxx@xxx-xx-xxx mysql]# docker ps|grep mysql 5291ed3fe987 mysql:5.7.26 "docker-entrypoint.s?? 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:13306->3306/tcp my-mysql
进入mysql容器
# 登录容器[root@cbov10-sso55-xxx ~]# docker exec -it my-mysql bash root@5291ed3fe987:/# ls bin dev entrypoint.sh home lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr boot docker-entrypoint-initdb.d etc lib logs mnt proc run srv tmp var # 登录mysqlroot@5291ed3fe987:/# mysql -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
设置能远程登录mysql
mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select host,user from user; +-----------+---------------+ | host | user | +-----------+---------------+ | % | root | | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | | localhost | test | +-----------+---------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) # 设置root用户在任何地方进行远程登录,并具有所有库任何操作权限,(公司绝对不能这么做,暴露的攻击面太大),这里只是做测试。 mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) # 刷新权限 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) # 退出mysql mysql> exit Bye
关于mysql授权,各位可自行百度,这里推荐
远程登录测试
使用数据库连接工具连接 宿主机ip+宿主机暴露的端口。
前面我们启动容器的时候-p13306:3306 标识宿主机端口 13306 映射 到容器的 3306 ,假如我们宿主机,就是服务器的ip地址为10.10.10.11
应该连接 10.10.10.11:13306 连接的数据库这里推荐新建test 数据库 做测试,如下
docker ,mysql重启问题(数据会不会丢失?)
# 查看容器 [root@cbov10-sso55-113 mysql]# docker ps|grep mysql 5291ed3fe987 mysql:5.7.26 "docker-entrypoint.s?? 4 hours ago Up 4 hours 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:13306->3306/tcp my-mysql # 停止容器 ( 5291ed3fe987 这里是mysql容器id) [root@cbov10-sso55-113 mysql]# docker stop 5291ed3fe987 5291ed3fe987 # 删除容器 [root@cbov10-sso55-113 mysql]# docker rm 5291ed3fe987 5291ed3fe987
去我们原先挂载目录下查看
挂载宿主机目录是 /usr/local/workspace/mysql,
[root@cbov10-sso55-xxx mysql]# cd data/ [root@cbov10-sso55-xxx data]# ls auto.cnf ca.pem client-key.pem ibdata1 ib_logfile1 performance_schema public_key.pem server-key.pem test ca-key.pem client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile0 mysql private_key.pem server-cert.pem sys
数据文件还在!我们再重新执行
# 这里要注意和挂载的宿主机目录一定要一致,第一次在 /usr/local/workspace/mysql 下执行的命令,这次也应该在同目录 # 当然,写成固定路径就没有上面的问题 [root@cbov10-sso55-xxx mysql]# docker run -p 13306:3306 --name my-mysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7.26 74c91431533ebb9bbfd3a1123b3f910f54770a08ad08c3c37cbbb996d29e0428 # 这里可以看出容器id已经发生了变化 [root@cbov10-sso55-xxx mysql]# docker ps |grep mysql 74c91431533e mysql:5.7.26 "docker-entrypoint.s?? 16 seconds ago Up 15 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:13306->3306/tcp my-mysql # 进入容器 [root@cbov10-sso55-xxx mysql]# docker exec -it bash 74c91431533e Error: No such container: bash [root@cbov10-sso55-xxx mysql]# docker exec -it 74c91431533e bash root@74c91431533e:/# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
发现建的test数据库也在!mysql容器删除前后,data文件大小也可以验证,读者壳自行尝试。
宿主机文件保存好的话,数据可以不丢失。
说明:
其实 生产比做的这个测试要复杂的多,mysql集群,主备,数据同步,网络 等等问题,用docker解决确实为难
mysql 容器 的管理或者说,有状态应用的管理还得一个比较流弊的东西,这个项目是 大名鼎鼎的kubernetes。
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