Spring Cloud Stream简单用法
作者:微瞰技术
Spring Cloud Stream对Spring Cloud体系中的Mq进⾏了很好的上层抽象,可以让我们与具体消息中间件解耦合,屏蔽掉了底层具体MQ消息中间件的细节差异,就像Hibernate屏蔽掉了具体数据库(Mysql/Oracle⼀样)。如此⼀来,我们学习、开发、维护MQ都会变得轻松。⽬前Spring Cloud Stream原生⽀持RabbitMQ和Kafka,阿里在这个基础上提供了RocketMQ的支持
简单使用Spring Cloud Stream 构建基于RocketMQ的生产者和消费者
生产者
pom文件中加入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rocketmq</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
配置文件中增加关于Spring Cloud Stream binder和bindings的配置
spring: application: name: zhao-cloud-stream-producer cloud: stream: rocketmq: binder: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 bindings: output: producer: group: test sync: true bindings: output: destination: stream-test-topic content-type: text/plain # 内容格式。这里使用 JSON
其中destination代表生产的数据发送到的topic 然后定义一个channel用于数据发送
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Output; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel; public interface TestChannel { @Output("output") MessageChannel output(); }
最后构造数据发送的接口
@Controller public class SendMessageController { @Resource private TestChannel testChannel; @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "send", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String sendMessage() { String messageId = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); Message<String> message = MessageBuilder .withPayload("this is a test:" + messageId) .setHeader(MessageConst.PROPERTY_TAGS, "test") .build(); try { testChannel.output().send(message); return messageId + "发送成功"; } catch (Exception e) { return messageId + "发送失败,原因:" + e.getMessage(); } } }
消费者
消费者的pom引入与生产者相同,在此不再赘述,配置时需要将stream的output修改为input并修改对应属性
spring: application: name: zhao-cloud-stream-consumer cloud: stream: rocketmq: binder: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 bindings: input: consumer: tags: test bindings: input: destination: stream-test-topic content-type: text/plain # 内容格式。这里使用 JSON group: test
另外关于channel的构造也要做同样的修改
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Input; import org.springframework.messaging.SubscribableChannel; public interface TestChannel { @Input("input") SubscribableChannel input(); }
最后我在启动类中对收到的消息进行了监听
@StreamListener("input") public void receiveInput(@Payload Message message) throws ValidationException { System.out.println("input1 receive: " + message.getPayload() + ", foo header: " + message.getHeaders().get("foo")); }
测试结果
Stream其他特性
消息发送失败的处理
消息发送失败后悔发送到默认的一个“topic.errors"的channel中(topic是配置的destination)。要配置消息发送失败的处理,需要将错误消息的channel打开 消费者配置如下
spring: application: name: zhao-cloud-stream-producer cloud: stream: rocketmq: binder: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 bindings: output: producer: group: test sync: true bindings: output: destination: stream-test-topic content-type: text/plain # 内容格式。这里使用 JSON producer: errorChannelEnabled: true
在启动类中配置错误消息的Channel信息
@Bean("stream-test-topic.errors") MessageChannel testoutPutErrorChannel(){ return new PublishSubscribeChannel(); }
新建异常处理service
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class ErrorProducerService { @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "stream-test-topic.errors") public void receiveProducerError(Message message){ System.out.println("receive error msg :"+message); } }
当发生异常时,由于测试类中已经将异常捕获,处理发送异常主要是在这里进行。模拟,应用与rocketMq断开的场景。可见
消费者错误处理
首先增加配置为
spring: application: name: zhao-cloud-stream-producer cloud: stream: rocketmq: binder: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 bindings: output: producer: group: test sync: true bindings: output: destination: stream-test-topic content-type: text/plain # 内容格式。这里使用 JSON producer: errorChannelEnabled: true
增加相应的模拟异常的操作
@StreamListener("input") public void receiveInput(@Payload Message message) throws ValidationException { //System.out.println("input1 receive: " + message.getPayload() + ", foo header: " + message.getHeaders().get("foo")); throw new RuntimeException("oops"); } @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "stream-test-topic.test.errors") public void receiveConsumeError(Message message){ System.out.println("receive error msg"+message.getPayload()); }
代码地址https://github.com/zhendiao/deme-code/tree/main/zp
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