SpringBoot搭建全局异常拦截
作者：ieflex
这篇文章主要介绍了SpringBoot搭建全局异常拦截,本文通过详细的介绍与代码的展示,详细的说明了如何搭建该项目,包括创建,启动和测试步骤,需要的朋友可以参考下
1.异常拦截类的创建
package com.liqi.web.core.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import com.liqi.common.base.Constants;
import com.liqi.common.base.ResultBean;
import com.liqi.common.exception.BusinessInterfaceException;
import com.liqi.common.exception.bean.ErrorBean;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* 自定义异常处理器
*
* @author ieflex
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class InterfaceExceptionHandler {
/**
* 接口 业务异常
*/
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(BusinessInterfaceException.class)
public String businessInterfaceException(BusinessInterfaceException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
ErrorBean error = e.getError();
ResultBean resultBean = new ResultBean(error.hashCode(), error.getErrorMsg());
return resultBean.toString();
}
/**
* 拦截所有运行时的全局异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
@ResponseBody
public String runtimeException(RuntimeException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
// 返回 JOSN
ResultBean resultBean = new ResultBean(Constants.INTERFACE_MSG_301, Constants.INTERFACE_MSG_301_TEXT);
return resultBean.toString();
}
/**
* 系统异常捕获处理
*/
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
@ResponseBody
public String exception(Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
ResultBean resultBean = new ResultBean(Constants.INTERFACE_MSG_301, Constants.INTERFACE_MSG_301_TEXT);
// 返回 JOSN
return resultBean.toString();
}
}
2.controller 测试
package com.springboot_Error.ErrorController;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class ErrorControllerTest {
//全局异常拦截 测试
@RequestMapping("/ErrorTest")
public String index2(){
System.err.println("请求成功！");
int i = 1/0; //这里会有一个运算异常
return "index";
}
}
3.启动 springboot 工程
package com.springboot_Error.ErrorRun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
//扫描 com.springboot_Error.ErrorController 包下 controller 注解过的类
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"com.springboot_Error.ErrorController"})
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class ErrorRun {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ErrorRun.class, args);
}
}
4.测试
/**
* 功能描述: 模拟自定义异常
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/test")
public Object myext() {
throw new BusinessInterfaceException("500", "my ext异常");
}
经过测试发现可以捕获到Controller层的异常，当前前提是Controller层没有对异常进行catch处理，如果Controller层对异常进行了catch处理，那么在这里就不会捕获到Controller层的异常了，所以这一点要注意。
5.基于Springboot自身的全局异常统一处理
主要是实现ErrorController接口或者继承AbstractErrorController抽象类或者继承BasicErrorController类
以下是网上一位博主给出的示例代码，博客地址为：https://blog.csdn.net/king_is_everyone/article/details/53080851
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "error")
@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})
public class ExceptionController implements ErrorController {
private ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;
@Autowired
private ServerProperties serverProperties;
/**
* 初始化ExceptionController
* @param errorAttributes
*/
@Autowired
public ExceptionController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null");
this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes;
}
/**
* 定义404的ModelAndView
* @param request
* @param response
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "404")
public ModelAndView errorHtml404(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());
Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
return new ModelAndView("error/404", model);
}
/**
* 定义404的JSON数据
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "404")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error404(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
/**
* 定义500的ModelAndView
* @param request
* @param response
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "500")
public ModelAndView errorHtml500(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value());
Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
return new ModelAndView("error/500", model);
}
/**
* 定义500的错误JSON信息
* @param request
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "500")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error500(HttpServletRequest request) {
Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
}
/**
* Determine if the stacktrace attribute should be included.
* @param request the source request
* @param produces the media type produced (or {@code MediaType.ALL})
* @return if the stacktrace attribute should be included
*/
protected boolean isIncludeStackTrace(HttpServletRequest request,
MediaType produces) {
ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace include = this.serverProperties.getError().getIncludeStacktrace();
if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ALWAYS) {
return true;
}
if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ON_TRACE_PARAM) {
return getTraceParameter(request);
}
return false;
}
/**
* 获取错误的信息
* @param request
* @param includeStackTrace
* @return
*/
private Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(HttpServletRequest request,
boolean includeStackTrace) {
RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request);
return this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes,
includeStackTrace);
}
/**
* 是否包含trace
* @param request
* @return
*/
private boolean getTraceParameter(HttpServletRequest request) {
String parameter = request.getParameter("trace");
if (parameter == null) {
return false;
}
return !"false".equals(parameter.toLowerCase());
}
/**
* 获取错误编码
* @param request
* @return
*/
private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) {
Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
if (statusCode == null) {
return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
}
try {
return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
}
}
/**
* 实现错误路径,暂时无用
* @see ExceptionMvcAutoConfiguration#containerCustomizer()
* @return
*/
@Override
public String getErrorPath() {
return "";
}
}
6.AOP也可以实现异常的全局处理
@Component
@Aspect
public class ExceptionAspectController {
public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionAspectController.class);
@Pointcut("execution(* com.test.test.*.*(..))")//此处基于自身项目的路径做具体的设置
public void pointCut(){}
@Around("pointCut()")
public Object handleControllerMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch.createStarted();
APIResponse<?> apiResponse;
try {
logger.info("执行Controller开始: " + pjp.getSignature() + " 参数：" + Lists.newArrayList(pjp.getArgs()).toString());
apiResponse = (APIResponse<?>) pjp.proceed(pjp.getArgs());
logger.info("执行Controller结束: " + pjp.getSignature() + "， 返回值：" + apiResponse.toString());
logger.info("耗时：" + stopwatch.stop().elapsed(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) + "(毫秒).");
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
apiResponse = handlerException(pjp, throwable);
}
return apiResponse;
}
private APIResponse<?> handlerException(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp, Throwable e) {
APIResponse<?> apiResponse = null;
if(e.getClass().isAssignableFrom(MessageCenterException.class) ){
MessageCenterException messageCenterException = (MessageCenterException)e;
logger.error("RuntimeException{方法：" + pjp.getSignature() + "， 参数：" + pjp.getArgs() + ",异常：" + messageCenterException.getException().getMessage() + "}", e);
apiResponse = messageCenterException.getApiResponse();
} else if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {
logger.error("RuntimeException{方法：" + pjp.getSignature() + "， 参数：" + pjp.getArgs() + ",异常：" + e.getMessage() + "}", e);
apiResponse = new APIResponse(APIResponse.FAIL,null,e.getMessage());
} else {
logger.error("异常{方法：" + pjp.getSignature() + "， 参数：" + pjp.getArgs() + ",异常：" + e.getMessage() + "}", e);
apiResponse = new APIResponse(APIResponse.FAIL,null,e.getMessage());
}
return apiResponse;
}
}
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