SpringBoot 图形验证码的生成和校验
作者：盛夏温暖流年
随着系统和业务的不停升级，前后端代码放在一起的项目越来越臃肿，已经无法快速迭代和职责区分了，于是纷纷投入了前后端分离的怀抱，发现代码和职责分离以后，开发效率越来越高了，但是以前的验证码登录方案就要更改了。本文来看一下SpringBoot 图形验证码的生成和校验
1. 编写工具类
package com.cn.beauty.util;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomValidateCodeUtil {
public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY";//放到session中的key
private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生数字与字母组合的字符串
private int width = 95;// 图片宽
private int height = 40;// 图片高
private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RandomValidateCodeUtil.class);
private Random random = new Random();
/**
* 获得字体
*/
private Font getFont() {
return new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18);
}
/**
* 获得颜色(粉色为主)
*/
private Color getRandColor() {
ArrayList<Color> colors = new ArrayList<Color>();
colors.add(new Color(241, 158, 194));
colors.add(new Color(255, 94, 226));
colors.add(new Color(255, 156, 177));
colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 217));
colors.add(new Color(255, 85, 81));
colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 251));
int num = random.nextInt(6);
return colors.get(num);
}
/**
* 生成随机图片
*/
public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
// BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//图片大小
g.setFont(new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18));//字体大小
g.setColor(getRandColor());//字体颜色
// 添加噪点
float yawpRate = 0.01f;// 噪声率
int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
image.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255));
}
// 绘制随机字符
String randomString = "";
for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {
randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);
}
logger.info(randomString);
//将生成的随机字符串保存到session中
session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
g.dispose();
try {
// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端失败>>>> ", e);
}
}
/**
* 绘制字符串
*/
private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
g.setFont(getFont());
g.setColor(getRandColor());
String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString
.length())));
randomString += rand;
g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
g.drawString(rand, 20 * (i - 1) + 3, 25);
return randomString;
}
/**
* 获取随机的字符
*/
public String getRandomString(int num) {
return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
}
}
2. 编写 Controller 中的接口
/**
* @description 生成验证码
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/user/getVerify")
public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//设置响应头信息，告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
RandomValidateCodeUtil randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCodeUtil();
//输出验证码图片方法
randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("获取验证码失败>>>>", e);
}
}
/**
* @description 校验验证码
*/
@PostMapping("/user/checkVerify")
public boolean checkVerify(@RequestParam String verifyInput, HttpSession session) {
try {
// 从session中获取随机数
String inputStr = verifyInput;
String random = (String) session.getAttribute("MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY");
if (random == null) {
return false;
}
if (random.equalsIgnoreCase(inputStr)) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("验证码校验失败", e);
return false;
}
}
3. 获取验证码图片
访问获取验证码接口
http://127.0.0.1:8605/user/getVerify
效果如下
另一种方法
1.添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
<artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
项目结构
2.全部代码
UserController
package com.yzm.config;
import java.util.HashMap;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.yzm.utils.Util;
@Controller
public class TestControler {
@Resource
private DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;
/**
* 登录验证码SessionKey
*/
public static final String LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE = "login_validate_code";
/**
* 登录验证码图片
*/
@RequestMapping(value = {"/loginValidateCode"})
public void loginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
Util.validateCode(request,response,captchaProducer,LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE);
}
/**
* 检查验证码是否正确
*/
@RequestMapping("/checkLoginValidateCode")
@ResponseBody
public HashMap checkLoginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("validateCode")String validateCode) {
String loginValidateCode = request.getSession().getAttribute(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE).toString();
HashMap<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
if(loginValidateCode == null){
map.put("status",null);//验证码过期
}else if(loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
map.put("status",true);//验证码正确
}else if(!loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
map.put("status",false);//验证码不正确
}
map.put("code",200);
return map;
}
}
package com.yzm.controller;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
@Component
public class TestConfig {
@Bean
public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
Properties properties = new Properties();
// 图片边框
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "no");
// 边框颜色
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "black");
//边框厚度
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.thickness", "1");
// 图片宽
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");
// 图片高
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "50");
//图片实现类
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.producer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha");
//文本实现类
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator");
//文本集合，验证码值从此集合中获取
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "01234567890");
//验证码长度
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
//字体
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体");
//字体颜色
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
//文字间隔
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "5");
//干扰实现类
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
//干扰颜色
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.color", "blue");
//干扰图片样式
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple");
//背景实现类
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground");
//背景颜色渐变，结束颜色
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.clear.to", "white");
//文字渲染器
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.word.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer");
Config config = new Config(properties);
defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
return defaultKaptcha;
}
}
Util
package com.yzm.utils;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
public class Util {
/**
* 生成验证码图片
* @param request 设置session
* @param response 转成图片
* @param captchaProducer 生成图片方法类
* @param validateSessionKey session名称
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer, String validateSessionKey) throws Exception{
// Set to expire far in the past.
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
// Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
// Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
// Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
// return a jpeg
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// create the text for the image
String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
// store the text in the session
request.getSession().setAttribute(validateSessionKey, capText);
// create the image with the text
BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
// write the data out
ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
try {
out.flush();
} finally {
out.close();
}
}
}
以上就是SpringBoot 图形验证码的生成和校验的详细内容，更多关于SpringBoot 验证码的生成和校验的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章！