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Java多线程之Interrupt中断线程详解

作者:Ztrue

Interrupt 的其作用是"中断"线程, 但实际上线程仍会继续运行, 这是一个非常容易混淆的概念. Interrupt 的真正作用是给线程对象设置一个中断标记, 并不会影响线程的正常运行,需要的朋友可以参考下

一、测试代码

https://gitee.com/zture/spring-test/blob/master/multithreading/src/test/java/cn/diswares/blog/InterruptTests.java

二、测试

为了方便理解简介中 interrupt 的概念, 写个 DEMO 测试一下

 /**
 * 调用 interrupt 并不会影响线程正常运行
 */
@Test
public void testInvokeInterrupt() throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
    for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
    log.info(i + "");
    }
    });
    t1.start();
    // 确保 t1.start() 成功执行
    Thread.sleep(1);
    log.info("interrupt 前 t1 interrupt 状态 = {}", t1.isInterrupted());
    t1.interrupt();
    log.info("interrupt 后 t1 interrupt 状态 = {}", t1.isInterrupted());
    log.info("t1 是否存活 = {}", t1.isAlive());
}

三、执行过程描述

四、输出日志

ignore logs ......
20:29:57.632 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2561
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2562
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2563
20:29:57.486 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - interrupt 前 t1 interrupt 状态 = false
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2564
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2565
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2566
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2567
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2568
20:29:57.633 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - interrupt 后 t1 interrupt 状态 = true
20:29:57.633 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 是否存活 = true
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2569
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2570
20:29:57.633 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - 2571
ignore logs ......

现象描述

五、结论

Interrupt 的真正作用是给线程对象设置一个中断标记, 并不会影响线程的正常运行

六、主要方法释义

new Thread().interrupt()

中断此线程(此线程不一定是当前线程,而是指调用该方法的Thread实例所代表的线程),但实际上只是给线程设置一个中断标志,线程仍会继续运行。

Thread.interrupted()

注意: 这是个静态方法
测试当前线程是否被中断(检查中断标志), 返回一个当前线程的 interrupt 状态, 并重置.
当我们第二次调用时中断状态已经被重置, 将返回一个false
为了方便理解. 写一个 DEMO

七、DEMO

DEMO 非常简单, 调用两次 Thread.interrupted() 观察 main 线程的 interrupt 标记

/**
 * 二次调用 t1.interrupted()
 */
@Test
public void testDoubleInvokeInterrupted () throws InterruptedException {
    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
    log.info("interrupted1 = {}", Thread.interrupted());
    log.info("interrupted2 = {}", Thread.interrupted());
}

输出日志

21:06:33.397 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - interrupted1 = true
21:06:33.402 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - interrupted2 = false

八、拓展程序

由于是静态方法. 我们来看一下另一个小程序.

/**
 * 在主线程中调用 t1.interrupted()
 */
@Test
public void testMainInterrupted() throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
            log.info("t1 is live");
        }
    });

    t1.start();
    Thread.sleep(1);
    t1.interrupt();
    Thread.sleep(1);
    log.info("{}", t1.interrupted());
}

拓展程序日志

ignore logs ......
21:11:20.504 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 is live
21:11:20.504 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 is live
21:11:20.490 [main] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - false
21:11:20.504 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 is live
21:11:20.504 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 is live
21:11:20.504 [Thread-1] INFO cn.diswares.blog.interrupt.InterruptTests - t1 is live
ignore logs ......

拓展程序结论

Returns a reference to the currently executing thread object.

Returns: the currently executing thread.

new Thread().isInterrupted()

返回线程对象的中断标记, 不会改变中断标记

优雅的结束一个线程

在 Java 中结束一个线程一般有下面三种手段:

九、实战

最初的 DEMO 是个死循环, 那我们对其改造一下. 让它能够优雅的结束

/**
 * 调用 interrupt 并不会影响线程正常运行
 */
@Test
public void testGracefulEndThread() throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
            if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
                log.info("{} = true, i = {}", Thread.currentThread().getName(), i);
                break;
            } else {
                log.info("{} = false, i = {}", Thread.currentThread().getName(), i);
            }
        }
    });
    t1.start();
    // 确保 t1.start() 成功执行
    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
    t1.interrupt();
    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
    log.info(t1.getState().toString());
}

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