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asp.net forms身份验证，避免重复造轮子

作者：

最近开始一个小 asp.net 项目，整个项目需要登录才能操作。以前大家都采用 asp 的方式 session + cookie 来实现身份验证，我一直对 asp.net 自带的 forms 验证早就耳闻，苦于没实践，今天刚好逮到机会实际应用一下。
问题：大家都说使用 forms 验证无法得到当前登录用户除了用户名之外的更多信息，经过我的一番小试验，在 forms 方式下自带的 userdata 可以为我们施展天地的地方。下面记录一下我的操作步骤备忘。
step 1: web.config 配置关键地方：
web.config配置
复制代码 代码如下:

<!--
通过 <authentication> 节可以配置 ASP.NET 用来
识别进入用户的
安全身份验证模式。
-->
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms loginUrl="login.aspx" defaultUrl="index.aspx"
name=".ztinfozero" path="/Manager"
slidingExpiration="true" timeout="10"></forms>
</authentication>
<authorization>
<deny users="?"/>
</authorization>

step 2: 构造 SiteUser Model
复制代码 代码如下:

TopicUser Model
[Serializable]
public class TopicUser
{
public TopicUser() { }
model#region model
private System.Int32 _autoID;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.Int32 autoID
{
get { return _autoID; }
set { _autoID = value; }
}
private System.String _UserName;
/**//// <summary>
/// 用户名
/// </summary>
public System.String UserName
{
get { return _UserName; }
set { _UserName = value; }
}
private System.String _UserChName;
/**//// <summary>
/// 真实姓名
/// </summary>
public System.String UserChName
{
get { return _UserChName; }
set { _UserChName = value; }
}
private System.String _UserPass;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.String UserPass
{
get { return _UserPass; }
set { _UserPass = value; }
}
private System.String _DepartMent;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.String DepartMent
{
get { return _DepartMent; }
set { _DepartMent = value; }
}
private System.String _Duty;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.String Duty
{
get { return _Duty; }
set { _Duty = value; }
}
private System.Int32 _UserPermit;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.Int32 UserPermit
{
get { return _UserPermit; }
set { _UserPermit = value; }
}
private System.Int32 _Status;
/**//// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
public System.Int32 Status
{
get { return _Status; }
set { _Status = value; }
}
#endregion
}

step 3: 创建用户登录代码：

数据库－用户登录方法
复制代码 代码如下:

public TopicUser UserLogon(string username, string pass) {
string proc = "dbo.infozero_Proc_userLogOn";
Database db = DataFactory.userDB;
DbCommand cmd = db.GetStoredProcCommand(proc);
db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@username", DbType.String, username);
db.AddInParameter(cmd, "@userpass", DbType.String, pass);
db.AddOutParameter(cmd, "@result", DbType.Int32, 4);
DataSet ds = db.ExecuteDataSet(cmd);
TopicUser user = null;
int result = 0;
if (int.TryParse(db.GetParameterValue(cmd, "@result").ToString(), out result) )
user = tableToUser(ds.Tables[0]);
return user;
}
#region table to user
private TopicUser tableToUser(DataTable dt) {
TopicUser model = null;
if (dt.Rows.Count > 0) {
model = new TopicUser();
DataRow dr = dt.Rows[0];
int aid = 0;
int.TryParse(dr["autoID"].ToString(), out aid );
model.autoID = aid;
model.UserName = dr["UserName"].ToString();
model.UserChName = dr["UserChName"].ToString();
model.UserPass = dr["UserPass"].ToString();
model.DepartMent = dr["DepartMent"].ToString();
model.Duty = dr["Duty"].ToString();
if (dr["UserPermit"].ToString() != "")
{
model.UserPermit = int.Parse(dr["UserPermit"].ToString());
}
if (dr["Status"].ToString() != "")
{
model.Status = int.Parse(dr["Status"].ToString());
}
}
return model;
}
#endregion

step 4 : 创建登录页：

代码
复制代码 代码如下:

protected void btnOK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string username = tbname.Text.Trim();
string pass = tbpass.Text.Trim();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username)) {
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(pass)) {
DataService.User b = new DataService.User();
DataService.TopicUser user = b.UserLogon(username, pass);
if (user != null) {
//roles , userid | userchname
string userdata = string.Format("{0},{1}|{2}",
user.UserPermit, user.autoID, user.UserChName);
FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
, username, DateTime.Now, DateTime.Now.AddHours(2),
true, userdata);
string encticket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket);
HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie(
FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encticket);
Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
Response.Redirect("Index.aspx");
}
}
}
}

step 5: 在 global.asax 里添加 Application_AuthenticateRequest 事件以设置当前登录用户的信息：
复制代码 代码如下:

protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie cookie = Context.Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
if (cookie != null) {
FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(cookie.Value);
if (ticket != null) {
string[] roles = ticket.UserData.Split(',');
FormsIdentity id = new FormsIdentity(ticket);
System.Security.Principal.GenericPrincipal principal = new GenericPrincipal(id, roles);
Context.User = principal;
}
}
}

step 6: 如何得到当前登录用户的信息
复制代码 代码如下:

public static TopicUser CurrentUser {
get {
DataService.TopicUser user = new DataService.TopicUser();
FormsIdentity identity = HttpContext.Current.User.Identity as FormsIdentity;
FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = identity.Ticket;
string userdata = ticket.UserData; //获取自定义的 UserData 串
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userdata)) {
if (userdata.IndexOf(',') > 0 && userdata.IndexOf('|') > 0)
{
//roles , userid | userchname
string uinfo = userdata.Split(',')[1];
string[] u = uinfo.Split('|');
int uid = 0;
int.TryParse(u[0], out uid);
user.autoID = uid;
user.UserChName = u[1];
user.UserName = HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name;
}
}
return user;
}
}

由此得到当前登录用户的 ID 为 UserBase.CurrentUser.autoID ; 真实名字是： UserBase.CurrentUser.UserChName ;
判断当前用户的角色是否为管理员： HttpContext.Current.User.IsInRole("1") ; // 1 为管理员
退出当前登录的方法：
LogOut.aspx
复制代码 代码如下:

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.SignOut();
Response.Write("<script>window.top.location='login.aspx';</script>");
Response.End();
}

至此，身份验证完成。我们不用费尽心思在四处堆放用户是否登录判断的代码了。
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