用python自动生成日历
作者：yongjiliu
这篇文章主要介绍了如何用python自动生成日历，帮助大家更好的理解和学习使用python，感兴趣的朋友可以了解下
效果
在Excel日历模板的基础上，生成带有农历日期、节假日、休班等信息的日历，解决DIY日历最大的技术难题。
图中日期，第一行为公历，第二行为节假日，第三行为农历，第四行是其他特别的日子，比如生日、纪念日等。
特点
- 使用门槛低
Python + Excel，会运行Python脚本，会使用Excel即可上手。
- 步骤简单
只需要修改Excel的年份（在一月份表头修改），运行一次脚本
- 可扩展
可制作任意年份的日历（修改年份即可）
- 可定制
可以添加其他特殊日期
使用手册
第一步，修改日历年份及样式
打开calendar.xlsx文件，在一月份表头，”输入年份“位置，修改样式
第二步，添加自定义日期
calendar.xlsx文件的生日栏，添加需要标注的日期，并保存
第三部，运行脚本
主要代码
BdDataFetcher.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import datetime
import logging
import time
import requests
import re
import json
class BdDataFetcher(object):
def __init__(self):
self.url = 'https://sp0.baidu.com/8aQDcjqpAAV3otqbppnN2DJv/api.php'
self.request_session = requests.session()
self.request_session.headers = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.135 Safari/537.36",
"Accept": "application/json, text/plain, */*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
"Connection": "keep-alive"
}
def request(self, year_month):
payload = {
'query': year_month,
'resource_id': 39043,
't': int(round(time.time() * 1000)),
'ie': 'utf8',
'oe': 'utf8',
'cb': 'op_aladdin_callback',
'format': 'json',
'tn': 'wisetpl',
'cb': 'jQuery110206747607329442493_1606743811595',
'_': 1606743811613
}
resp = self.request_session.get(url=self.url, params=payload)
logging.debug('data fetcher resp = {}'.format(resp.text))
bracket_pattern = re.compile(r'[(](.*?)[)]', re.S)
valid_data = re.findall(bracket_pattern, resp.text)
json_data = json.loads(valid_data[0])
almanac = json_data['data'][0]['almanac']
result = {}
for day in almanac:
key = '{}-{}-{}'.format(day['year'], day['month'],day['day'])
result[key] = day
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')
BdDataFetcher().request('2021年1月')
ExcelDateFiller.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import logging
import os
import sys
from copy import copy
import openpyxl
import pandas as pandas
import xlrd
import xlutils
import yaml
from pandas._libs.tslibs.timestamps import Timestamp
from BdDataFetcher import BdDataFetcher
class Config(object):
def __init__(self, config_path):
try:
with open(config_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as yaml_file:
data = yaml.load(yaml_file)
self.excel_path = data['excel_path']
self.sheet_special = data['sheet_special']
self.skip_row = data['date_skip_row']
self.skip_col = data['date_skip_col']
self.max_length = data['max_length']
self.holiday_color = data['holiday_color']
self.workday_color = data['workday_color']
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')
except Exception as e:
logging.error(repr(e))
sys.exit()
class SpecialDay(object):
def __init__(self):
self.is_lunar = False
self.desc = ''
class ExcelDateFiller(object):
def __init__(self):
self.data_fetcher = BdDataFetcher()
self.target = os.path.splitext(config.excel_path)[0] + '_out' + os.path.splitext(config.excel_path)[-1]
# try:
# shutil.copy(config.excel_path, self.target)
# except IOError as e:
# print("Unable to copy file. %s" % e)
# except:
# print("Unexpected error:", sys.exc_info())
# self.target_workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.target, data_only=True)
def fill_date_with_openpyxl(self):
for sheet in self.target_workbook.worksheets:
for column_index in range(1, sheet.max_column):
for row_index in range(1, sheet.max_row):
data = sheet.cell(column=column_index, row=row_index)
print(data.value)
def read_with_xlrd(self):
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.target)
for sheet in workbook.sheets():
for column_index in range(0, sheet.ncols):
for row_index in range(0, sheet.nrows):
data = sheet.cell(rowx=row_index, colx=column_index)
logging.debug('ctype = {}, value = {}, xf_index = {}'.format(data.ctype, data.value, data.xf_index))
def write_with_openpyxl(self):
target_workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.target)
sheet = target_workbook.get_sheet_by_name('sheet_name')
sheet.cell(0, 0).value = 'value'
target_workbook.save()
def write_with_xlwt(self):
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.target)
workbook = xlutils.copy(workbook)
sheet = workbook.get_sheet(0)
sheet.write(0, 0, 'value')
workbook.save()
def load_special_sheet(self):
data = {}
special_sheet = pandas.read_excel(config.excel_path, sheet_name=config.sheet_special, header=0)
for row_index in range(special_sheet.shape[0]):
key = special_sheet.iloc[row_index, 0]
struct_time = pandas.to_datetime(key.timestamp(), unit='s').timetuple()
key = '{}-{}'.format(struct_time.tm_mon, struct_time.tm_mday)
value = SpecialDay()
value.desc = special_sheet.iloc[row_index, 1]
value.is_lunar = special_sheet.iloc[row_index, 2] == '是'
data[key] = value
return data
def fill_date(self):
pandas_workbook = pandas.read_excel(config.excel_path, sheet_name=None, skiprows= config.skip_row, keep_default_na=False)
out_workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(config.excel_path)
special_day = self.load_special_sheet()
day_data = {}
for sheet_name in pandas_workbook.keys():
if not sheet_name.endswith('月'):
continue
sheet = pandas_workbook.get(sheet_name)
out_sheet = out_workbook.get_sheet_by_name(sheet_name)
nrows = sheet.shape[0]
ncols = sheet.shape[1]
for row_index in range(nrows):
for col_index in range(ncols):
data = sheet.iloc[row_index, col_index]
logging.debug('origin row = {}, col = {}, data = {}'.format(row_index, col_index, data))
if type(data) == Timestamp:
struct_time = pandas.to_datetime(data.timestamp(), unit='s').timetuple()
date = '{}-{}-{}'.format(struct_time.tm_year, struct_time.tm_mon, struct_time.tm_mday)
if not day_data.__contains__(date):
request_data = self.data_fetcher.request(year_month='{}年{}月'.format(struct_time.tm_year, struct_time.tm_mon))
day_data.update(request_data)
temp_row = row_index + 2 + config.skip_row
temp_col = col_index + 1
# weekend color
if day_data[date]['cnDay'] == '六' or day_data[date]['cnDay'] == '日':
holiday_font = copy(out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font)
holiday_font.color = config.holiday_color
out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font = holiday_font
# holiday color
if day_data[date].__contains__('status'):
if day_data[date]['status'] == '1': # 休假
holiday_font = copy(out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font)
holiday_font.color = config.holiday_color
out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font = holiday_font
if day_data[date]['status'] == '2': #班
workday_font = copy(out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font)
workday_font.color = config.workday_color
out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).font = workday_font
lunar_date = day_data[date]['lDate']
if lunar_date == '初一':
lunar_date = '{}月'.format(day_data[date]['lMonth'])
# logging.debug('date = {}, value = {}'.format(str(date), lunar_date))
temp_content = ''
if day_data[date].__contains__('value'):
temp_content += day_data[date]['value']
if len(temp_content) > config.max_length:
temp_content = temp_content[:config.max_length]
temp_content += '\n'
temp_content += lunar_date
# spacial day
month_day = day_data[date]['month'] + '-' + day_data[date]['day']
if special_day.__contains__(month_day):
temp_special_day = special_day.get(month_day)
if not temp_special_day.is_lunar:
temp_content += '\n'
temp_content += temp_special_day.desc
lunar_month_day = day_data[date]['lunarMonth'] + '-' + day_data[date]['lunarDate']
if special_day.__contains__(lunar_month_day):
temp_special_day = special_day.get(lunar_month_day)
if temp_special_day.is_lunar:
temp_content += '\n'
temp_content += temp_special_day.desc
temp_row = row_index + 3 + config.skip_row
temp_col = col_index + 1
out_sheet.cell(temp_row, temp_col).value = temp_content
out_workbook.save(filename=self.target)
out_workbook.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
config = Config(config_path='config.yaml')
date_filler = ExcelDateFiller()
date_filler.fill_date()
完整项目地址
https://github.com/yongjiliu/diycalendar
calendar_out.xlsx为处理好的日历
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