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如何用Spring发送电子邮件

2021-02-25 11:32:51 作者：布禾

这篇文章主要介绍了如何用Spring发送电子邮件，帮助大家更好的理解和使用Java，感兴趣的朋友可以了解下

简介

Spring基于javax.mail封装了一套用于发送电子邮件的API，位于org.springframework.mail包下，下面将介绍下发送普通文本邮件和基于thymeleaf模版的邮件。

普通邮件

导入javax.mail依赖

<!-- ...... -->
<!-- 省略Spring依赖 -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
 <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
 <version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>

Spring配置类

@PropertySource(value="classpath:mail.properties")
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
	@Autowired
	Environment environment;
	
	/**
	 * Spring邮件配置
	 */
	@Bean
	public JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSenderImpl(){
		JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSenderImpl = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
		javaMailSenderImpl.setHost(environment.getProperty("mail.host"));
		javaMailSenderImpl.setUsername(environment.getProperty("mail.username"));
		javaMailSenderImpl.setPassword(environment.getProperty("mail.password"));
		javaMailSenderImpl.setDefaultEncoding(environment.getProperty("mail.encoding"));
		return javaMailSenderImpl;
	}
}

邮件配置：mail.properties

#QQ邮箱发送邮件服务器
mail.host=smtp.qq.com
#QQ邮箱账户名
mail.username=xxxxxx@qq.com
#QQ邮箱授权码，开启IMAP/SMTP服务时会生成
mail.password=lrorsapyffcwbegg
#邮件发送编码
mail.encoding=UTF-8

测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=SpringConfig.class)
public class MailTest {
	@Autowired
	private JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSenderImpl;
	
	@Test
	public void testSimpleMail() throws MessagingException{
		MimeMessage message = javaMailSenderImpl.createMimeMessage();
		
		//发送带附件和内联元素的邮件需要将第二个参数设置为true
		MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
		
		//发送方邮箱，和配置文件中的mail.username要一致
		helper.setFrom("xxxxxx@qq.com");
		
		//接收方
		helper.setTo("xxxxxx@qq.com");
		
		//主题
		helper.setSubject("邮件测试");
		
		//邮件内容
		helper.setText("<html><body><img src='cid:myphoto'></body></html>", true);
		
		//邮件内容内嵌的图片,addInline中的contentId要和邮件内容中的cid相对应
		FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File("e:/yc/1.jpg"));
		helper.addInline("myphoto", res);
		
		//邮件附件
		FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("e:/yc/myphoto.zip"));
		helper.addAttachment("myphoto.zip", file);
		
		javaMailSenderImpl.send(message);
	}
}

基于thymeleaf模版的邮件

导入thymeleaf-spring依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
 <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId>
 <version>3.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

Spring配置类中添加thymeleaf模板配置

	@Bean
 public TemplateEngine emailTemplateEngine() {
  SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
  ClassLoaderTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ClassLoaderTemplateResolver();
  templateResolver.setResolvablePatterns(Collections.singleton("*.html"));
  templateResolver.setPrefix("/templates/");
  templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
  templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
  templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
  templateResolver.setCacheable(false);
  templateEngine.addTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
  return templateEngine;
 }

模版文件：/src/main/resources/templates/msg.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
 <style type="text/css">span{color:orange}</style>
 </head>
 <body>
 <p>
  	您好， <span th:text="${name}">xxx</span>，感谢您使用XXX服务，您正在进行邮箱验证，本次请求的验证码为：
 </p>
 <p><span th:text="${validCode}">1111</span>(为了保障您帐号的安全性，请在1小时内完成验证。)</p>
 <p>
  	XXX团队<br />
  	2019年06月06日
 </p>
 </body>
</html>

测试

	@Autowired
	private TemplateEngine emailTemplateEngine;
	
	@Test
	public void testTemplateMail() throws MessagingException{
		MimeMessage message = javaMailSenderImpl.createMimeMessage();
		MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
		helper.setFrom("xxxxxx@qq.com");
		helper.setTo("xxxxxx@qq.com");
		helper.setSubject("邮件测试");
		
		//thymeleaf模版解析成String
		Context ctx = new Context();
		ctx.setVariable("name", "小姐姐");
		ctx.setVariable("validCode", "88888888");
		String htmlContent = emailTemplateEngine.process("msg.html", ctx);
		helper.setText(htmlContent, true);
		
		javaMailSenderImpl.send(message);
	}

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