解决使用httpclient传递json数据乱码的问题
作者：li_yan_fei
这篇文章主要介绍了解决使用httpclient传递json数据乱码的问题，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。一起跟随小编过来看看吧
今天用httpclient传输json数据，服务端接受数据 中文乱码，下面分别贴上修改前与修改后的代码以及原因分析
（1）修改前：
client端
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String data) {
// 创建post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
StringEntity entity;
try {
entity = new StringEntity(data);
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
private String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
HttpEntity entity = null;
String responseContent = null;
// 创建默认的httpclient实例
httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpPost.setHeader("Accept","aplication/json");
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
// 执行请求
try {
logger.info("开始同步数据");
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
entity = response.getEntity();
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
logger.info("数据同步结果：" + responseContent);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("同步数据出错：" + e.toString());
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
logger.error("流关闭出错：" + e2.toString());
}
}
return responseContent;
}
（2）修改后
client端
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String data) {
// 创建post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
StringEntity entity;
entity = new StringEntity(data,"UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
//entity.setContentType(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));//用这个跟上面一行那个结果一样，可以查看源码
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
private String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
HttpEntity entity = null;
String responseContent = null;
// 创建默认的httpclient实例
httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
httpPost.setHeader("Accept","aplication/json");
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
}
服务端 代码
//服务端 代码 通过红色字体的代码接受数据
public Map<String, Object> getRequestPostParams(HttpServletRequest request) throws BusinessException {
try {
//接收数据
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer() ;
InputStream is = request.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String s = "" ;
while((s=br.readLine())!=null){
sb.append(s) ;
}
String strData = sb.toString();
if (null == strData || "".equals(strData)) {
return new HashMap<String, Object>();
}
Map<String, Object> params = this.parseJSON2Map(strData);
return params;
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new BusinessException(BusinessException.ERROR_INNER, "参数转换错误！");
}
}
下面来解释原因：
看到这里 发现了client端的不同的吧，没错 只有一行代码不一样
entity = new StringEntity(data,"UTF-8");
就是这行代码，因为构造方法的不同造成的
本来参考了这篇文章把问题解决了，但是我发现 我自己的代码明明也设置额编码 为什么会出现乱码呢，于是我就去看源代码的实现，差异在哪里？ 下面贴上源代码
public StringEntity(final String string, final ContentType contentType) throws UnsupportedCharsetException {
super();
Args.notNull(string, "Source string");
Charset charset = contentType != null ? contentType.getCharset() : null;
if (charset == null) {
charset = HTTP.DEF_CONTENT_CHARSET;
}
try {
this.content = string.getBytes(charset.name());
} catch (final UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
// should never happen
throw new UnsupportedCharsetException(charset.name());
}
if (contentType != null) {
setContentType(contentType.toString());
}
}
然后就发现，在new StringEntity的时候，就已经将数据根据编码进行了处理，也就是说，如果你调用 new StringEntity(String string)此构造方法，就会使用其默认的编码进行转码（ISO-8859-1），无论你后面设置多少次（
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
或者
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
都不会改变字符串已经被按转码变成Byte[]数组的事实，当然在请求中设定传输编码格式还是要做的。
其实说这么多 ，解决问题的关键就一句话，在new StringEntity()的时候指定编码就解决了，因为在new的同时已经做了字符串的转码操作
之所以说这么多，是想告诉自己，问题解决了固然是好，但应该知道为什么这么做，多看源码，多问自己为什么，仅此共勉。
补充：httpclient post发送json数组并解决json乱码问题
业务：
客户端发送json数据，服务端进行解析
client发送json格式：
{"data":[{"name":"1;,a","id_no":"222,a","cellphone":"123141a","abode_detail":"213,a","emp_add":"werew3a","app_no":"111111111111a","create_time":"11a"},{"name":"张三","id_no":"null","cellphone":"null","abode_detail":"null","emp_add":"null","app_no":"null","create_time":"null"},{"name":"1;,","id_no":"222,","cellphone":"123141","abode_detail":"213,","emp_add":"werew3","app_no":"111111111111","create_time":"11"},{"name":"1;,ab","id_no":"222,ab","cellphone":"123141ab","abode_detail":"213,ab","emp_add":"werew3ab","app_no":"111111111111ab","create_time":"11ab"}],"sendtime":"20160503"}
废话少说，直接上主要代码
client端
package msxf.until;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import msxf.until.model.People;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by 小省.
*/
public class Main {
private final static org.apache.log4j.Logger logger =org.apache.log4j.Logger.getLogger(Main.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map ma=new HashMap();
ma.put("sendtime","20160503");
//连接impala查库，返回List<People>，其中peopel为自定义实体类
List<People> peopleList=ImpalaJdbc.connImpala();
if(peopleList.size()==0){
logger.info("peopleList.size()==0");
}
ma.put("data",peopleList);
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
try {
String jsonStr=om.writeValueAsString(ma);
System.out.println(jsonStr);
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse=null;
CloseableHttpClient httpClient= HttpClientBuilder.create().setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler()).build();
//解决中文乱码，注意与服务端同时存在
StringEntity stringEntity=new StringEntity(jsonStr,"UTF-8");
//就目前来说下面这段代码是可有可无 stringEntity.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));
//post 地址
HttpUriRequest httpUriRequest= RequestBuilder.post("http://localhost:8080/qc").setEntity(stringEntity).build();
httpResponse=httpClient.execute(httpUriRequest);
System.out.println("发送");
int statusCode=httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if(statusCode== HttpStatus.SC_OK){
// HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
// InputStream in =entity.getContent();
System.out.println("文件传输服务器正常响应！");
}
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
服务端
采用最原始的servlet
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
/**
* Created by 小省.
*/
public class QcServlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++");
//解决中文乱码
BufferedReader br =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(request.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
String line=null;
StringBuffer sb =new StringBuffer();
while ((line=br.readLine())!=null){
sb.append(line);
}
System.out.println("sb.toString()"+sb.toString());
//就目前而言String reesult = URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), HTTP.UTF_8);是可有可无的，httpclient会自动解码
//String reesult =sb.toString();
String reesult = URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), HTTP.UTF_8);
try {
//将string 字符串转化为json数组，并且遍历
JSONObject jsonObject =new JSONObject(reesult);
String mesage=(String) jsonObject.getString("data");
JSONArray myJsonArray = new JSONArray(mesage);
for(int i=0 ; i < myJsonArray.length() ;i++){
//获取每一个JsonObject对象
JSONObject myjObject = myJsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
System.out.println(myjObject.getString("name"));
}
System.out.println(reesult);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教。