Python+unittest+requests+excel实现接口自动化测试框架
作者:Ethon自动化测试
这篇文章主要介绍了Python+unittest+requests+excel实现接口自动化测试框架,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧
环境:python3 + unittest + requests
- Excel管理测试用例,
- HTMLTestRunner生成测试报告
- 测试完成后邮件发送测试报告
- jsonpath方式做预期结果数据处理,后期多样化处理
- 后期扩展,CI持续集成
发送邮件效果:
项目整体结构:
common模块代码
class IsInstance: def get_instance(self, value, check): flag = None if isinstance(value, str): if check == value: flag = True else: flag = False elif isinstance(value, float): if value - float(check) == 0: flag = True else: flag = False elif isinstance(value, int): if value - int(check) == 0: flag = True else: flag = False return flag
# logger.py import logging import time import os class MyLogging: def __init__(self): timestr = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', time.localtime(time.time())) lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../logs')) filename = lib_path + '/' + timestr + '.log' # 日志文件的地址 self.logger = logging.getLogger() # 定义对应的程序模块名name,默认为root self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 必须设置,这里如果不显示设置,默认过滤掉warning之前的所有级别的信息 sh = logging.StreamHandler() # 日志输出到屏幕控制台 sh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 设置日志等级 fh = logging.FileHandler(filename=filename) # 向文件filename输出日志信息 fh.setLevel(logging.INFO) # 设置日志等级 # 设置格式对象 formatter = logging.Formatter( "%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d]%(levelname)s - %(message)s") # 定义日志输出格式 # 设置handler的格式对象 sh.setFormatter(formatter) fh.setFormatter(formatter) # 将handler增加到logger中 self.logger.addHandler(sh) self.logger.addHandler(fh) if __name__ == "__main__": log = MyLogging().logger log.debug("debug") log.info("info") log.warning("warning") log.error("error") log.critical("critical")
# operate_excel.py import xlrd from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple import openpyxl import datetime class ExcelData(): def __init__(self, file_path, sheet_name): self.file_path = file_path self.sheet_name = sheet_name self.workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_path) # 获取工作表的内容 self.table = self.workbook.sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) # 获取第一行内容 self.keys = self.table.row_values(0) # 获取行数 self.rowNum = self.table.nrows # 获取列数 self.colNum = self.table.ncols def readExcel(self): datas = [] for i in range(1, self.rowNum): sheet_data = [] for j in range(self.colNum): # 获取单元格类型 c_type = self.table.cell(i, j).ctype # 获取单元格数据 c_cell = self.table.cell_value(i, j) if c_type == 2 and c_cell % 1 == 0: c_cell = int(c_cell) elif c_type == 3: date = datetime.datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(c_cell, 0)) c_cell = date.strftime('%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S') elif c_type == 4: c_cell = True if c_cell == 1 else False # sheet_data[self.keys[j]] = c_cell # 字典 sheet_data.append(c_cell) datas.append(sheet_data) return datas def write(self, rowNum, colNum, result): workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(self.file_path) table = workbook.get_sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name) table = workbook.active # rows = table.max_row # cols = table.max_column # values = ['E','X','C','E','L'] # for value in values: # table.cell(rows + 1, 1).value = value # rows = rows + 1 # 指定单元格中写入数据 table.cell(rowNum, colNum, result) workbook.save(self.file_path) if __name__ == '__main__': file_path = "D:\python_data\接口自动化测试.xlsx" sheet_name = "测试用例" data = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name) datas = data.readExcel() print(datas) print(type(datas)) for i in datas: print(i) # data.write(2,12,"哈哈")
# send_email.py from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.header import Header from email.mime.text import MIMEText from config import read_email_config import smtplib def send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names=list()): # 获取邮件相关信息 smtp_server = read_email_config.smtp_server port = read_email_config.port user_name = read_email_config.user_name password = read_email_config.password sender = read_email_config.sender receiver = read_email_config.receiver # 定义邮件内容 msg = MIMEMultipart() body = MIMEText(mail_body, _subtype="html", _charset="utf-8") msg["Subject"] = Header(subject, "utf-8") msg["From"] = user_name msg["To"] = receiver msg.attach(body) # 附件:附件名称用英文 for file_name in file_names: att = MIMEText(open(file_name, "rb").read(), "base64", "utf-8") att["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream" att["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment;filename='%s'" % (file_name) msg.attach(att) # 登录并发送邮件 try: smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(smtp_server) smtp.login(user_name, password) smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver.split(','), msg.as_string()) except Exception as e: print(e) print("邮件发送失败!") else: print("邮件发送成功!") finally: smtp.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': subject = "测试标题" mail_body = "测试本文" receiver = "780156051@qq.com,hb_zhijun@163.com" # 接收人邮件地址 用逗号分隔 file_names = [r'D:\PycharmProjects\AutoTest\result\2020-02-23 13_38_41report.html'] send_email(subject, mail_body, receiver, file_names)
# send_request.py import requests import json class RunMethod: # post请求 def do_post(self, url, data, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.post(url=url, json=data) return res.json() # get请求 def do_get(self, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if headers != None: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data, headers=headers) else: res = requests.get(url=url, data=data) return res.json() def run_method(self, method, url, data=None, headers=None): res = None if method == "POST" or method == "post": res = self.do_post(url, data, headers) else: res = self.do_get(url, data, headers) return res
config模块
# coding:utf-8 # 邮件配置信息 [mysqlconf] host = 127.0.0.1 port = 3306 user = root password = root db = test
# coding:utf-8 # 邮箱配置信息 # email_config.ini [email] smtp_server = smtp.qq.com port = 465 sender = 780***51@qq.com password = hrpk******baf user_name = 780***51@qq.com receiver = 780***51@qq.com,h***n@163.com
# coding:utf-8 from pymysql import connect, cursors from pymysql.err import OperationalError import os import configparser # read_db_config.py # 读取DB配数据 # os.path.realpath(__file__):返回当前文件的绝对路径 # os.path.dirname(): 返回()所在目录 cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, "db_config.ini") # 路径拼接:/config/db_config.ini conf = configparser.ConfigParser() conf.read(configPath, encoding="UTF-8") host = conf.get("mysqlconf", "host") port = conf.get("mysqlconf", "port ") user = conf.get("mysqlconf", "user") password = conf.get("mysqlconf", "password") port = conf.get("mysqlconf", "port")
# coding:utf-8 import os import configparser # 读取邮件数据 # os.path.realpath(__file__):返回当前文件的绝对路径 # os.path.dirname(): 返回()所在目录 # read_email_config.py cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 当前文件的所在目录 configPath = os.path.join(cur_path, "email_config.ini") # 路径拼接:/config/email_config.ini conf = configparser.ConfigParser() conf.read(configPath, encoding='UTF-8') # 读取/config/email_config.ini 的内容 # get(section,option) 得到section中option的值,返回为string类型 smtp_server = conf.get("email", "smtp_server") sender = conf.get("email", "sender") user_name = conf.get("email","user_name") password = conf.get("email", "password") receiver = conf.get("email", "receiver") port = conf.get("email", "port")
testcase模块
# test_case.py from common.operate_excel import * import unittest from parameterized import parameterized from common.send_request import RunMethod import json from common.logger import MyLogging import jsonpath from common.is_instance import IsInstance from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner import os import time lib_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "../data")) file_path = lib_path + "/" + "接口自动化测试.xlsx" # excel的地址 sheet_name = "测试用例" log = MyLogging().logger def getExcelData(): list = ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).readExcel() return list class TestCase(unittest.TestCase): @parameterized.expand(getExcelData()) def test_api(self, rowNumber, caseRowNumber, testCaseName, priority, apiName, url, method, parmsType, data, checkPoint, isRun, result): if isRun == "Y" or isRun == "y": log.info("【开始执行测试用例:{}】".format(testCaseName)) headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"} data = json.loads(data) # 字典对象转换为json字符串 c = checkPoint.split(",") log.info("用例设置检查点:%s" % c) print("用例设置检查点:%s" % c) log.info("请求url:%s" % url) log.info("请求参数:%s" % data) r = RunMethod() res = r.run_method(method, url, data, headers) log.info("返回结果:%s" % res) flag = None for i in range(0, len(c)): checkPoint_dict = {} checkPoint_dict[c[i].split('=')[0]] = c[i].split('=')[1] # jsonpath方式获取检查点对应的返回数据 list = jsonpath.jsonpath(res, c[i].split('=')[0]) value = list[0] check = checkPoint_dict[c[i].split('=')[0]] log.info("检查点数据{}:{},返回数据:{}".format(i + 1, check, value)) print("检查点数据{}:{},返回数据:{}".format(i + 1, check, value)) # 判断检查点数据是否与返回的数据一致 flag = IsInstance().get_instance(value, check) if flag: log.info("【测试结果:通过】") ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, "Pass") else: log.info("【测试结果:失败】") ExcelData(file_path, sheet_name).write(rowNumber + 1, 12, "Fail") # 断言 self.assertTrue(flag, msg="检查点数据与实际返回数据不一致") else: unittest.skip("不执行") if __name__ == '__main__': # unittest.main() # Alt+Shift+f10 执行生成报告 # 报告样式1 suite = unittest.TestSuite() suite.addTests(unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestCase)) now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S') report_path = r"D:\PycharmProjects\AutoTest\result\report.html" with open(report_path, "wb") as f: runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f, title="Esearch接口测试报告", description="测试用例执行情况", verbosity=2) runner.run(suite)
用例执行文件
import os import time import unittest from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner from common.send_email import send_email # run_case.py # 获取当前py文件绝对路径 cur_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 1: 加载测试用例 def all_test(): case_path = os.path.join(cur_path, "testcase") suite = unittest.TestLoader().discover(start_dir=case_path, pattern="test_*.py", top_level_dir=None) return suite # 2: 执行测试用例 def run(): now = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S") # 测试报告路径 file_name = os.path.join(cur_path, "report") + "/" + now + "-report.html" f = open(file_name, "wb") runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=f, title="接口自动化测试报告", description="环境:windows 10 浏览器:chrome", tester="wangzhijun") runner.run(all_test()) f.close() # 3: 获取最新的测试报告 def get_report(report_path): list = os.listdir(report_path) list.sort(key=lambda x: os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(report_path, x))) print("测试报告:", list[-1]) report_file = os.path.join(report_path, list[-1]) return report_file # 4: 发送邮件 def send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names): # 读取测试报告内容,作为邮件的正文内容 with open(report_file, "rb") as f: mail_body = f.read() send_email(subject, mail_body, file_names) if __name__ == "__main__": run() report_path = os.path.join(cur_path, "report") # 测试报告路径 report_file = get_report(report_path) # 测试报告文件 subject = "Esearch接口测试报告" # 邮件主题 file_names = [report_file] # 邮件附件 # 发送邮件 send_mail(subject, report_file, file_names)
data:
report:
logs:
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