Django如何继承AbstractUser扩展字段
作者：-零
使用django实现注册登录的话，注册登录都有现成的代码，主要是自带的User字段只有（email,username,password）,所以需要扩展User,来增加自己需要的字段
AbstractUser扩展模型User：如果模型User内置的方法符合开发需求，在不改变这些函数方法的情况下，添加模型User的额外字段，可通过AbstractUser方式实现。使用AbstractUser定义的模型会替换原有模型User。
代码如下：
model.py
#coding:utf8
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible
# Create your models here.
@python_2_unicode_compatible
"""是django内置的兼容python2和python3的unicode语法的一个装饰器
只是针对 __str__ 方法而用的，__str__方法是为了后台管理(admin)和django shell的显示，Meta类也是为后台显示服务的
"""
class MyUser(AbstractUser):
qq = models.CharField(u'qq号', max_length=16)
weChat =models.CharField(u'微信账号', max_length=100)
mobile =models.CharField(u'手机号', primary_key=True, max_length=11)
identicard =models.BooleanField(u'×××认证', default=False) #默认是0，未认证， 1：×××认证， 2：视频认证
refuserid = models.CharField(u'推荐人ID', max_length=20)
Level = models.CharField(u'用户等级', default='0', max_length=2) #默认是0，用户等级0-9
vevideo = models.BooleanField(u'视频认证', default=False) #默认是0，未认证。 1：已认证
Type =models.CharField(u'用户类型', default='0', max_length=1) #默认是0，未认证， 1：刷手 2：商家
def __str__(self):
return self.username
settings.py
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.MyUser'
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ('django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',)
注意：
1、扩展user表后，要在settings.py 添加
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.扩展user的class name'
2、认证后台要在settings添加，尤其记得加逗号，否则报错
认证后台不加的报错
Django-AttributeError 'User' object has no attribute 'backend'
没加逗号的报错
ImportError: a doesn't look like a module path
form.py
#coding:utf-8
from django import forms
#注册表单
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100)
password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())
password2 = forms.CharField(label='确认密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())
mobile = forms.CharField(label='手机号', max_length=11)
email = forms.EmailField()
qq = forms.CharField(label='QQ号', max_length=16)
type = forms.ChoiceField(label='注册类型', choices=(('buyer','买家'),('saler','商家')))
def clean(self):
if not self.is_valid():
raise forms.ValidationError('所有项都为必填项')
elif self.cleaned_data['password2'] != self.cleaned_data['password']:
raise forms.ValidationError('两次输入密码不一致')
else:
cleaned_data = super(RegisterForm, self).clean()
return cleaned_data
#登陆表单
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"placeholder": "用户名", "required": "required",}),
max_length=50, error_messages={"required": "username不能为空",})
password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"placeholder": "密码", "required": "required",}),
max_length=20, error_messages={"required": "password不能为空",})
迁移数据库
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response
from .models import MyUser
from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.template import RequestContext
import time
from .myclass import form
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout
#注册
def register(request):
error = []
# if request.method == 'GET':
# return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf})
if request.method == 'POST':
uf = form.RegisterForm(request.POST)
if uf.is_valid():
username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
password2 = uf.cleaned_data['password2']
qq = uf.cleaned_data['qq']
email = uf.cleaned_data['email']
mobile = uf.cleaned_data['mobile']
type = uf.cleaned_data['type']
if not MyUser.objects.all().filter(username=username):
user = MyUser()
user.username = username
user.set_password(password)
user.qq = qq
user.email = email
user.mobile = mobile
user.type = type
user.save()
return render_to_response('member.html', {'username': username})
else:
uf = form.RegisterForm()
return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf,'error':error})
#登陆
def do_login(request):
if request.method =='POST':
lf = form.LoginForm(request.POST)
if lf.is_valid():
username = lf.cleaned_data['username']
password = lf.cleaned_data['password']
user = authenticate(username=username, password=password) #django自带auth验证用户名密码
if user is not None: #判断用户是否存在
if user.is_active: #判断用户是否激活
login(request,user) #用户信息验证成功后把登陆信息写入session
return render_to_response("member.html", {'username':username})
else:
return render_to_response('disable.html',{'username':username})
else:
return HttpResponse("无效的用户名或者密码!!!")
else:
lf = form.LoginForm()
return render_to_response('index.html',{'lf':lf})
#退出
def do_logout(request):
logout(request)
return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
注意：
1、登陆的时候用自带的认证模块总是报none
user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
print(user)
查看源码发现是check_password的方法是用hash进行校验，之前注册的password写法是
user.password=password
这种写法是明文入库，需要更改密码的入库写法
user.set_password(password)
补充
一个快速拿到User表的方法，特别在扩展User表时，你在settings.py配置的User。
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()
别在其他视图或者模型里导入你扩展的MyUser model。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。