nodejs+koa2 实现模仿springMVC框架
作者:24ks
koa2-MVC架构
---------后端技术做前端
环境:nodejs
开发工具:Visual Studio Code(下文简称:VSC)
环境安装,工具安装及中文自行百度,环境调整好后开始进入正题。
1、在硬盘上新增一个文件夹,打开VSC,点击‘添加工作区文件夹',如果没有欢迎‘使用页面',点击--文件--新建窗口,效果如下图:
2、添加vsc调试。Shift+ctrl+p,输入框内输入:launch.json
选择刚刚的文件夹
3、目录结构
从低到高one by one
3-1、package.json
{ "name": "koa2mcv", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "Hello Koa 2 example with MVC", "main": "app.js", "scripts": { "start": "node app.js" }, "author": "baba", "dependencies": { "koa": "2.11.0", "koa-router": "8.0.8", "koa-bodyparser": "4.3.0", "koa-static-plus": "0.1.1", "koa-view": "2.1.3", "koa-jwt": "4.0.0", "koa-log4": "2.3.2", "jsonwebtoken": "8.5.1", "nunjucks": "3.2.1", "mime": "2.4.5", "mz": "2.7.0" } }
参数介绍:name项目名称、version版本号、description项目描述、main项目启动文件、scripts启动快捷设置,author作者,dependencies第3方中间件名称及版本。
3-2、app.js
//启动服务 require('./config/init').startServer();
启动相关配置,封装到config/init.js中,启动文件直接引用即可。
3-3、views存放html页面
3-4、static存放静态文件,css,js,font等
3-5、src存放业务控制,类似于springMVC中的controller、service。
3-6、config存放核心配置文件。
3-6-1、init.js项目核心。
异常友好处理
function handler(){ return async (ctx, next) => { const start = new Date().getTime(); var urlReq=ctx.request.url; if(urlReq !== '/favicon.ico'){ console.log(`请求地址:${ctx.request.method} ${urlReq}`); try { let params =Object.assign({}, ctx.request.query, ctx.request.body); if(config["token"].excludeUrl.indexOf(urlReq) == -1 && !tokenFunction.varifyToken(params.token)){ ctx.status =401; }else{ await next(); } } catch (error) { ctx.status=401; console.log(`错误!无法获取token参数`); }finally{ let err={}; if(!ctx.status){ err.status = 500; }else if(ctx.status==200){ return; }else{ err.status = ctx.status; } switch(err.status){ case 404: err.url = config["server-name"]+'/static/public/404.html'; err.message="资源不存在!"; break; case 401: err.url = config["server-name"]+'/static/public/10000.html'; err.message="登陆失效!请重新登陆!"; break; case 500: err.url = config["server-name"]+'/static/public/500.html'; err.message="系统内部错误!"; break; } switch(ctx.request.type){ case 'application/json': ctx.type = 'application/json'; ctx.body = {errorCode:err.errorCode,message: err.message} break; default: ctx.type = 'text/html'; ctx.redirect(err.url); break; } } } const ms = new Date().getTime() - start; console.log(`请求消耗时间: ${ms}ms`); } }
路由配置
function controller(){ const router = new koaRouter({ prefix: config["server-name"] }); function findJsonFile(rootpathStr){ fs.readdirSync(rootpathStr).forEach(function (item, index) { let fPath = path.join(rootpathStr,item); let stat = fs.statSync(fPath); if(stat.isDirectory() === true) { findJsonFile(fPath); } if (stat.isFile() === true&&fPath.endsWith('.js')) { var mapping = require(fPath); for (var url in mapping) { if (url.startsWith('GET ')) { router.get(url.substring(4), mapping[url]); } else if (url.startsWith('POST ')) { router.post(url.substring(5), mapping[url]); } else if (url.startsWith('PUT ')) { router.put(url.substring(4), mapping[url]); } else if (url.startsWith('DELETE ')) { router.del(url.substring(7), mapping[url]); } console.log(`注册 URL: ${url}`); } } }); } findJsonFile(rootpath + 'src'); return router.routes(); }
视图渲染
function templating() { var autoescape = config['templating-autoescape'] === null ? true : config['templating-autoescape'], noCache = config['templating-noCache'] === null ? false : config['templating-noCache'], watch = config['templating-watch'] === null ? false : config['templating-watch'], throwOnUndefined = config['templating-throwOnUndefined'] === null ? false :config['templating-throwOnUndefined'], env = new nunjucks.Environment( new nunjucks.FileSystemLoader(rootpath+'views', { noCache: noCache, watch: watch, }), { autoescape: autoescape, throwOnUndefined: throwOnUndefined }); if (config['templating-filters'] != null) { for (var f in config['templating-filters']) { env.addFilter(f, config['templating-filters'][f]); } } return async (ctx, next) => { ctx.render = function (view, model) { ctx.response.body = env.render(view, Object.assign({}, ctx.state || {}, model || {})); ctx.response.type = 'text/html'; }; await next(); }; }
启动构建
function startServer(){ const app = new koa(); app.use(koaStaticPlus(rootpath+'static', { pathPrefix: config["server-name"]+'/static' }) ); app.use(koaBodyParser()); app.use(handler()); app.use(templating()); app.use(controller()); app.listen(config["server-port"]); }
3-6-2、config.js项目参数配置。
module.exports ={ 'server-name':'/koa', 'server-port':3000, "templating-noCache":true, "templating-watch":true, "templating-autoescape":null, "templating-throwOnUndefined":null, "templating-filters":null, "token":{ "excludeUrl":[ "/koa/login", "/koa/dologin" ], "timeout":1000 * 60 * 60 * 24 * 7, "secret":"jiaobaba" } }
3-6-3、token.js项目token相关方法封装。
const jwt = require("jsonwebtoken"); const config = require('./config'); /** * 创建token的方法 */ let createToken = (data)=>{ let obj = {}; //存入token的数据 obj.data = data || {}; //token的创建时间 obj.ctime = (new Date()).getTime(); return jwt.sign(obj,config["token"].secret); } /** * 验证token是否合法的方法 * @param {*} token */ let varifyToken = (token)=>{ let result = null; try{ let {data,ctime,expiresIn} = jwt.verify(token,config["token"].secret); let nowTime = (new Date()).getTime(); if(nowTime-ctime<config["token"].timeout){ result = data; } }catch(error){ } return result; } module.exports = { createToken, varifyToken };
3-6-4、logger.js项目日志配置文件。
4、项目结构构建结束,接着引入所有依赖包,在终端中执行‘npm install' ,会下载package.json中dependencies所有包,以及这些包所依赖的包。
执行后项目结构会增加两个文件
5、编写测试用例,在src下新建hello.js。
//token const token = require('../config/token'); var fn_hello = async (ctx, next) => { var name = ctx.params.name; ctx.response.body = `<h1>Hello, ${name}!</h1>`; }; var fn_index = async (ctx, next) => { ctx.response.body = `<h1>Index</h1> <form action="/koa/signin" method="post"> <p>Name: <input name="name" value=""></p> <p>Password: <input name="password" type="password"></p> <p><input type="submit" value="Submit"></p> </form>`; }; var fn_signin = async (ctx, next) => { var name = ctx.request.body.name || '', password = ctx.request.body.password || ''; console.log(`登陆名: ${name}, 密码: ${password}`); ctx.response.body = `<h1>Welcome, ${name}!</h1><br/>you token:<br/>${token.createToken({user: name,password: password})}`; }; module.exports = { 'GET /hello/:name': fn_hello, 'GET /login': fn_index, 'POST /dologin': fn_signin };
6、启动项目
启动成功
测试访问:http://127.0.0.1:3000/koa/login
输入值获取token
先不用带token进行访问
拦截成功
带上token 进行访问
测试成功!
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