用python实现学生管理系统

#Student.ini文件
[Student]
student = Student_LinkList

[Persistence]
persistence = Persistence_Pickle
file = student.pik

'''
使用单链表实现的学生管理系统
'''
import pickle
import abc
import configparser

class Student(abc.ABC):
 '''
 抽象学生类
 '''
 @abc.abstractmethod
 def add(self):
 '''
 增加学生结点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def ladd(self):
 '''
 从左侧增加学生结点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def delete(self,id_):
 '''
 根据id值来删除一个结点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def delete_name(self,name):
 '''
 根据姓名来删除一个结点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def insert(self,idx,val):
 '''
 插入到指定的位置
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def show(self):
 '''
 显示所有的学生结点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def search_id(self):
 '''
 根据id查询节点
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def search_name(self):
 '''
 根据name查询节点
 '''

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def modity_id(self):
 '''
 根据id找到节点，然后修改
 '''
 pass



class Node(object):
 '''
 学生链表结点
 '''
 def __init__(self,id_: int,name: str,sex: str,age: int,score: int):
 self.id = id_
 self.name = name
 self.sex = sex
 self.age = age
 self.score = score

 self.next = None

 def modity(self,id_,name,sex,age,score):
 '''
 修改
 '''
 self.id = id_
 self.name = name
 self.sex = sex
 self.age = age
 self.score = score


 def __str__(self):
 '''
 用于显示输出
 '''
 return f"[学生:{self.id:^2}]-->name:{self.name:^10}sex:{self.sex:^10}age:{self.age:^10}score:{self.score:^10}"

class Student_LinkList(Student):
 '''
 学生链表
 '''
 def __init__(self):
 self.head = Node(-1,'head','-1',-1,-1)
 self.length = 0
 self.tail = self.head #尾部结点用于尾插

 def add(self,id_,name,sex,age,score):
 '''
 添加一个学生结点,尾插
 '''
 #print('当前tail的值',self.tail)
 temp = Node(id_,name,sex,age,score)
 self.tail.next = temp 
 self.tail = self.tail.next

 self.length += 1
 print('[info]:添加成功')

 def ladd(self,id_,name,sex,age,score):
 '''
 添加一个学生，头插
 '''
 temp = Node(id_,name,sex,age,score)
 temp.next = self.head.next
 self.head.next = temp

 if self.tail == self.head:
  self.tail = temp

 self.length += 1
 print('[info]:添加成功')

 def delete(self,id_):
 '''
 根据id值来删除一个结点,用迭代实现
 '''
 p = self.head
 while p.next != None and p.next.id != id_:
  p = p.next

 if p.next == None:
  print('[error]:找不到id')
  return -1
 else:
  temp = p.next
  p.next = temp.next
  #如果删除的是尾结点，还要移动tail
  if temp.next == None:
  self.tail = p
  del temp
 print('[info]:删除成功')

 def delete_name(self,name):
 '''
 根据姓名来删除一个结点，用递归实现
 '''
 def _func(node: Node,name: str):
  '''
  递归函数
  '''
  #到了尾巴节点了，还没有找到
  if node.next == None:
  print('[info]:找不到name')
  return False
  elif node.next.name == name:
  temp = node.next
  node.next = temp.next
  #如果删除的是尾结点，还要移动tail
  if temp.next == None:
   self.tail = node
  del temp
  print('[info]:删除成功')
  return True
  else:
  return _func(node.next,name)

 t = self.head
 return _func(t,name)

 def insert(self,idx,id_,name,sex,age,score):
 '''
 在指定位置插入数据
 '''
 if idx > self.length or idx == 0:
  print(f'[error]:你输入的索引非法(1-{self.length})')
  return 0
 p,cur = self.head,0
 while p != None and cur < idx-1:
  p = p.next

 if cur < idx-1:
  return -1
 else:
  temp = Node(id_,name,sex,age,score)
  temp.next = p.next
  p.next = temp
  return True
 print('[info]:插入成功')

 def search_id(self,id_):
 '''
 根据id查询节点
 '''
 p = self.head
 while p != None and p.id != id_:
  p = p.next
 if p == None:
  return -1
 else:
  return p

 def search_name(self,name):
 '''
 根据name查询节点
 '''
 p = self.head
 
 def _func(node: Node,name: str):
  '''
  递归函数
  '''
  if node == None:
  return -1
  elif node.name == name:
  return node
  return _func(node.next,name)

 return _func(p,name)

 def modity_id(self,id0,id_,name,sex,age,score):
 '''
 根据id找到节点，然后修改
 '''
 node = self.search_id(id0)
 if node == -1:
  print('[error]:找不到该id')
  return -1
 else:
  node.modity(id_,name,sex,age,score)


 def show(self):
 '''
 显示所有的学生结点,迭代
 '''
 print(f'\n{"-"*25}以下是系统内数据{"-"*25}')
 temp = []
 p = self.head
 while p != None:
  temp.append(p)
  p = p.next
 return temp

class Student_Array():
 '''
 用数组实现学生数据存储
 '''
 pass

class Student_Queue():
 '''
 用队列实现
 '''
 pass

class Student_Dict():
 '''
 用队列实现
 '''
 pass

class Persistence(abc.ABC):
 '''
 链表数据的持久化
 '''
 @abc.abstractmethod
 def save(self):
 '''
 把对象保存
 '''
 pass

 @abc.abstractmethod
 def load(self):
 '''
 加载对象
 '''
 pass

class Persistence_Pickle(Persistence):
 '''
 使用pickle来序列化
 '''
 def __init__(self,cls: Student,file_):
 self.filename = file_
 self.obj = None
 self.cls = cls

 def save(self):
 with open(self.filename,'wb') as f:
  pickle.dump(self.obj,f)

 def load(self):
 try:
  with open(self.filename,'rb') as f:
  temp = pickle.load(f)
 except:
  temp = globals()[self.cls]()
 print('返回temp:',type(temp))
 self.obj = temp
 return temp

class Persistence_File(Persistence):
 '''
 使用文件来持久化
 '''
 pass

class Persistence_Mysql(Persistence):
 '''
 使用Mysql数据库来持久化
 '''
 pass

class Persistence_Socket(Persistence):
 '''
 使用远程套接字持久化
 '''
 pass

class MyConfigure(object):
 '''
 用来读取配置文件的类
 '''
 def __init__(self):
 self.config = configparser.ConfigParser()

 def save(self):
 '''
 保存配置文件
 '''
 with open('Student.ini','w') as f:
  self.config.write(f)

 def load(self):
 '''
 加载配置文件
 '''
 self.config.read('Student.ini')

 def get_student_class(self):
 '''
 获得Student该使用哪个子类
 '''
 return self.config['Student']['student']

 def get_persistence_class(self):
 '''
 获得持久化，该使用那个类，
 如果是Pickle或文件，还有file作为保存的文件名
 '''
 temp = {}
 temp['persistence'] = self.config['Persistence']['persistence']
 if 'Persistence_Pickle' in temp['persistence']:
  temp['file'] = self.config['Persistence']['file']
 return temp

class UI(object):
 '''
 界面交互
 '''
 def __init__(self):
 self.config = MyConfigure()
 self.config.load()
 s_class = self.config.get_student_class()
 p_class = self.config.get_persistence_class()

 self.persistence = globals()[p_class['persistence']](s_class,p_class['file'])
 self.student = self.persistence.load()
 print('实例化成功:',self.student,self.persistence)

 def save(self):
 '''
 把数据保存
 '''
 self.persistence.save()

 def quit(self):
 '''
 退出:先保存配置，然后退出
 '''
 self.config.save()
 self.save()

 def _show(self):
 '''
 显示所有学生节点
 '''
 return self.student.show()


 def _add(self,direction,*temp):
 '''
 增加学生结点,
 direction 1左添加，2右添加
 '''
 if direction == 1:
  self.student.ladd(*temp)
 elif direction == 2:
  self.student.add(*temp)

 def _delete(self,attribute: int,val: str):
 '''
 删除学生节点
 attribute: 需要根据哪个属性删除，1.id 或 2.name
 '''
 if attribute == 1:
  self.student.delete(val)
 elif attribute == 2:
  self.student.delete_name(val)

 def _insert(self,idx,*temp):
 '''
 把学生节点插入到指定的位置
 '''
 self.student.insert(idx,*temp)

 def _search(self,attribute,val):
 '''
 查询
 '''
 if attribute == 1:
  return self.student.search_id(val)
 elif attribute == 2:
  return self.student.search_name(val)

 def _modity(self,attribute,id_,*temp):
 '''
 修改
 '''
 if attribute == 1:
  self.student.modity_id(id_,*temp)
 elif attribute == 2:
  print('[info]:因为没实现，所以什么也不做')
  pass #根据name修改没有写




class Cmd_UI(UI):
 '''
 命令行的交互界面
 '''
 def __init__(self):
 super(Cmd_UI,self).__init__()

 def get_input_1_2(self,info: str):
 '''
 获得输入，返回1或者2
 info: 描述输入的信息
 '''
 x = None
 while x == None:
  temp = input(info)
  if temp == '1':
  x = 1
  elif temp == '2':
  x = 2
  else:
  print('你只能输入1或者2')
 return x

 def get_input_arg(self):
 '''
 获得用户的输入构造学生节点
 '''
 id_ = input('请输入id')
 name = input('请输入姓名')
 sex = input('请输入性别')
 age = input('请输入年龄')
 score = input('请输入成绩')
 return (id_,name,sex,age,score)

 def delete(self):
 '''
 删除节点
 '''
 info = '你想要根据哪个属性删除节点:1.id 2.name'
 attribute = self.get_input_1_2(info)
 val = input('输入你想要删除的值:')
 self._delete(attribute,val)

 def show(self):
 '''
 显示
 '''
 rel = self._show()
 for i in rel:
  print(i)

 def add(self):
 '''
 增加学生结点
 '''
 info = '你想要插入的位置:1.左边 2.右边'
 direction = self.get_input_1_2(info)
 arg = self.get_input_arg()
 self._add(direction,*arg)

 def insert(self):
 '''
 新学生，插入到指定的位置
 '''
 idx = int(input('输入要插入的位置'))
 temp = self.get_input_arg()
 self._insert(idx,*temp)

 def search(self):
 '''
 查询学生
 '''
 info = '你想要根据哪个属性搜索节点:1.id 2.name'
 attribute = self.get_input_1_2(info)
 val = input('输入你想要查询的值:')

 print(self._search(attribute,val))

 def modity(self):
 '''
 修改学生信息
 '''
 info = '你想要根据哪个属性搜索节点:1.id 2.name'
 attribute = self.get_input_1_2(info)
 val_ = input('输入要查询的值:')
 temp = self.get_input_arg()
 self._modity(attribute,val_,*temp)

 def main(self):
 '''
 主流程
 '''
 info = '''
 *******************
 *kalpa学生管理系统*
 * 0.显示数据 *
 * 1.增加数据 *
 * 2.删除数据 *
 * 3.查询数据 *
 * 4.修改数据 *
 * 5.保存并退出 *
 *******************
 '''
 print(info)
 a = '0'
 while a in ['0','1','2','3','4','5']:
  if a == '0':
  self.show()
  elif a == '1':
  self.add()
  elif a == '2':
  self.delete()
  elif a == '3':
  self.search()
  elif a == '4':
  self.modity()
  elif a == '5':
  self.quit()
  return
  a = input('>>')


if __name__ == "__main__":
 ui = Cmd_UI()
 ui.main()