合并Excel工作薄中成绩表的VBA代码，非常适合教育一线的朋友
作者：
每次学生考试，评分完毕之后，把每个科的成绩收集起来，就得到了一个有若干工作表，每个表有学生学号、分数等列的Excel工作薄。
这时候还需要把各个工作表合并到一起来形成一个汇总表。这时候比较麻烦也比较容易出错，因为各个表的学号不一定都是一致的、对齐的。因为可能会有人缺考，有人会考号涂错等等。特奉献以下代码，用于合并学生成绩表或者其它类似的表都可以。本代码特点在于不需要使用SQL或者Access等大头软件，只需要Excel就可以执行，非常方便，速度也不慢。转载请勿清除广告。
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' =============================================
' 合并总表时，不参加计算的表格数目
' 因为一般合并的总表放在最后一个工作表，要排除掉这个表。
Const ExcludeSheetCount = 1
' 主函数，因为用到了ADO，必须作如下引用才能运行本代码。
' 工具>引用， 引用ADO(Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.X Library)
' 链接所有sheet到一个总表
' 要合并的表的第一行必须是字段名称，不能是合并单元格
Sub SQL_ADO_EXCEL_JOIN_ALL()
Dim cnn As New ADODB.Connection
Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset
Dim i, k, shCount As Integer
Dim SQL, SQL2 As String, cnnStr As String
Dim s1, s2, s3, tmp As String
Dim ws As Worksheet
Const IDIdx = 1
Const ScoreIdx = 3
shCount = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count
' 获取所有考号
' EXCEL 会自动去除重复数据
' SQL = "(select ID from [语文$]) union (select ID from [英语$]) union (select ID from [物理$]) order by ID"
SQL = ""
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
s1 = "(SELECT ID FROM [" & Sheets(i).Name & "$])"
If i = 1 Then
SQL = s1
Else
SQL = SQL & " UNION " & s1
End If
Next
'MsgBox SQL
Set ws = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(shCount)
cnnStr = "provider = microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=yes;IMEX=1';data source=" & ThisWorkbook.FullName
cnn.CursorLocation = adUseClient
cnn.ConnectionString = cnnStr
cnn.Open
rs.Open SQL, cnn, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
ws.Activate
ws.Cells.Clear
For i = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
ws.Cells(1, i) = rs.Fields(i - 1).Name
Next
ws.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rs
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
Sheets(shCount).Cells(1, i + 1) = Sheets(i).Name
Next
'EXCEL 不支持 UPDATE
'SQL = "update [合并$] set 语文 = '1'"
' 相当于内联接
'SQL = "select tt.ID,ta.score as 语文,tb.score as 英语 from [合并$] AS tt, [语文$] as ta, [英语$] as tb "
'SQL = SQL & "where (tt.ID = ta.ID) and (tt.ID = tb.ID)"
' 左联接所有表格
' 通过测试的语句
'SQL = "select tt.ID,ta.score AS 语文,tb.score as 英语 from ([合并$] AS tt left join [语文$] as ta on tt.ID = ta.ID) "
'SQL = SQL & "left join [英语$] as tb on tt.ID = tb.ID"
SQL2 = "([" & Sheets(shCount).Name & "$] AS tt LEFT JOIN [" & Sheets(1).Name & "$] AS t1 ON tt.id=t1.id) "
SQL = "SELECT tt.ID,"
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
tmp = "t" & i
SQL = SQL & tmp & ".score AS " & Sheets(i).Name
If i < shCount - ExcludeSheetCount Then SQL = SQL & ", "
If i > 1 Then
SQL2 = "(" & SQL2 & " LEFT JOIN [" & Sheets(i).Name & "$] AS " & tmp & " ON tt.id=" & tmp & ".id)"
End If
Next
s1 = SQL & " FROM " & SQL2 & " ORDER BY tt.ID"
MsgBox s1
rs.Close
rs.Open s1, cnn, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
' 清除表格
ws.Activate
Cells.Select
Selection.Delete Shift:=xlUp
For i = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
ws.Cells(1, i) = rs.Fields(i - 1).Name
Next
ws.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rs
rs.Close
cnn.Close
Set rs = Nothing
Set cnn = Nothing
Call AddHeader
Call FindBlankCells
Call TableBorderSet
ws.Columns(1).AutoFit
ws.Cells(2, 1).Select
MsgBox "Finished."
End Sub
' 在表格第一行插入行，然后合并单元格，加上说明文字
Sub AddHeader()
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim s1, s2 As String
shCount = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count
Set ws = Sheets(shCount)
Column = ws.UsedRange.Columns.Count
ws.Rows(1).Insert
s1 = Chr(Asc("A") + Column - 1)
s2 = "A1:" & s1 & "1"
ws.Range(s2).Merge
ws.Rows(1).RowHeight = 100
s1 = "说明" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"本总表为计算生成，把几个单科的客观题成绩合并在一起，避免手工处理时因考号不对齐而导致错位。" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"注意：如果某单科成绩表中存在相同考号，则总表中该考号的该科成绩是不准确的。" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"填涂错误的考号，一般出现在表里顶端或底端"
ws.Cells(1, 1) = s1
ActiveSheet.Rows(1).RowHeight = 80
' 冻结窗格
ActiveSheet.Rows(3).Select
ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
ActiveWindow.SmallScroll Down:=0
End Sub
' 设置表格边框
Sub TableBorderSet()
ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Select
Selection.Borders(xlDiagonalDown).LineStyle = xlNone
Selection.Borders(xlDiagonalUp).LineStyle = xlNone
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeLeft)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeTop)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeBottom)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeRight)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlInsideVertical)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlInsideHorizontal)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
End Sub
' 标记无分数的单元格，方便找出答题卡没有分数的学生
Sub FindBlankCells()
Dim i, j, row, col As Integer
'ActiveSheet.Cells(2, 1).Interior.ColorIndex = 15
row = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count
col = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count
For i = 2 To row
For j = 2 To col
If IsEmpty(ActiveSheet.Cells(i, j).Value) Then
ActiveSheet.Cells(i, j).Interior.ColorIndex = 15
End If
Next
Next
End Sub
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' =============================================
' 合并总表时，不参加计算的表格数目
' 因为一般合并的总表放在最后一个工作表，要排除掉这个表。
Const ExcludeSheetCount = 1
' 主函数，因为用到了ADO，必须作如下引用才能运行本代码。
' 工具>引用， 引用ADO(Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.X Library)
' 链接所有sheet到一个总表
' 要合并的表的第一行必须是字段名称，不能是合并单元格
Sub SQL_ADO_EXCEL_JOIN_ALL()
Dim cnn As New ADODB.Connection
Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset
Dim i, k, shCount As Integer
Dim SQL, SQL2 As String, cnnStr As String
Dim s1, s2, s3, tmp As String
Dim ws As Worksheet
Const IDIdx = 1
Const ScoreIdx = 3
shCount = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count
' 获取所有考号
' EXCEL 会自动去除重复数据
' SQL = "(select ID from [语文$]) union (select ID from [英语$]) union (select ID from [物理$]) order by ID"
SQL = ""
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
s1 = "(SELECT ID FROM [" & Sheets(i).Name & "$])"
If i = 1 Then
SQL = s1
Else
SQL = SQL & " UNION " & s1
End If
Next
'MsgBox SQL
Set ws = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(shCount)
cnnStr = "provider = microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=yes;IMEX=1';data source=" & ThisWorkbook.FullName
cnn.CursorLocation = adUseClient
cnn.ConnectionString = cnnStr
cnn.Open
rs.Open SQL, cnn, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
ws.Activate
ws.Cells.Clear
For i = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
ws.Cells(1, i) = rs.Fields(i - 1).Name
Next
ws.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rs
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
Sheets(shCount).Cells(1, i + 1) = Sheets(i).Name
Next
'EXCEL 不支持 UPDATE
'SQL = "update [合并$] set 语文 = '1'"
' 相当于内联接
'SQL = "select tt.ID,ta.score as 语文,tb.score as 英语 from [合并$] AS tt, [语文$] as ta, [英语$] as tb "
'SQL = SQL & "where (tt.ID = ta.ID) and (tt.ID = tb.ID)"
' 左联接所有表格
' 通过测试的语句
'SQL = "select tt.ID,ta.score AS 语文,tb.score as 英语 from ([合并$] AS tt left join [语文$] as ta on tt.ID = ta.ID) "
'SQL = SQL & "left join [英语$] as tb on tt.ID = tb.ID"
SQL2 = "([" & Sheets(shCount).Name & "$] AS tt LEFT JOIN [" & Sheets(1).Name & "$] AS t1 ON tt.id=t1.id) "
SQL = "SELECT tt.ID,"
For i = 1 To shCount - ExcludeSheetCount
tmp = "t" & i
SQL = SQL & tmp & ".score AS " & Sheets(i).Name
If i < shCount - ExcludeSheetCount Then SQL = SQL & ", "
If i > 1 Then
SQL2 = "(" & SQL2 & " LEFT JOIN [" & Sheets(i).Name & "$] AS " & tmp & " ON tt.id=" & tmp & ".id)"
End If
Next
s1 = SQL & " FROM " & SQL2 & " ORDER BY tt.ID"
MsgBox s1
rs.Close
rs.Open s1, cnn, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
' 清除表格
ws.Activate
Cells.Select
Selection.Delete Shift:=xlUp
For i = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
ws.Cells(1, i) = rs.Fields(i - 1).Name
Next
ws.Range("A2").CopyFromRecordset rs
rs.Close
cnn.Close
Set rs = Nothing
Set cnn = Nothing
Call AddHeader
Call FindBlankCells
Call TableBorderSet
ws.Columns(1).AutoFit
ws.Cells(2, 1).Select
MsgBox "Finished."
End Sub
' 在表格第一行插入行，然后合并单元格，加上说明文字
Sub AddHeader()
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim s1, s2 As String
shCount = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets.Count
Set ws = Sheets(shCount)
Column = ws.UsedRange.Columns.Count
ws.Rows(1).Insert
s1 = Chr(Asc("A") + Column - 1)
s2 = "A1:" & s1 & "1"
ws.Range(s2).Merge
ws.Rows(1).RowHeight = 100
s1 = "说明" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"本总表为计算生成，把几个单科的客观题成绩合并在一起，避免手工处理时因考号不对齐而导致错位。" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"注意：如果某单科成绩表中存在相同考号，则总表中该考号的该科成绩是不准确的。" & Chr(13) & Chr(10) & _
"填涂错误的考号，一般出现在表里顶端或底端"
ws.Cells(1, 1) = s1
ActiveSheet.Rows(1).RowHeight = 80
' 冻结窗格
ActiveSheet.Rows(3).Select
ActiveWindow.FreezePanes = True
ActiveWindow.SmallScroll Down:=0
End Sub
' 设置表格边框
Sub TableBorderSet()
ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Select
Selection.Borders(xlDiagonalDown).LineStyle = xlNone
Selection.Borders(xlDiagonalUp).LineStyle = xlNone
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeLeft)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeTop)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeBottom)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlEdgeRight)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlInsideVertical)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
With Selection.Borders(xlInsideHorizontal)
.LineStyle = xlContinuous
.Weight = xlThin
.ColorIndex = xlAutomatic
End With
End Sub
' 标记无分数的单元格，方便找出答题卡没有分数的学生
Sub FindBlankCells()
Dim i, j, row, col As Integer
'ActiveSheet.Cells(2, 1).Interior.ColorIndex = 15
row = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count
col = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count
For i = 2 To row
For j = 2 To col
If IsEmpty(ActiveSheet.Cells(i, j).Value) Then
ActiveSheet.Cells(i, j).Interior.ColorIndex = 15
End If
Next
Next
End Sub