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Qt xml操作的实现

作者：陌小呆^O^

本文主要介绍Qt xml操作的实现，文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧

1.数据格式

#ifndef XML_DATA_H
#define XML_DATA_H

#include<QWidget>

struct Student
{
    int s_id;
    QString s_name;
    double s_math_score;
    double s_english_score;

};
struct Teacher{
    int t_id;
    QString t_name;
    QVector<Student> t_students_v;
};




#endif // XML_DATA_H

2.xml示范

2.1 .h文件

#ifndef XML_EXAMPLE1_H
#define XML_EXAMPLE1_H

#include <QObject>
#include"XML_Data.h"
#include <QtXml>
#include <QString>
#include <QDebug>
#include"tinyxml2.h"

class Xml_Example1 : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Xml_Example1(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    void saveXml_doc(const Student& stu,const QString& filePath);
    void saveXml_writer(const Student& stu,const QString& filePath);
    void saveXml_tinyxml2(const Student& stu,const QString& filePath);

    void saveXml_doc(const Teacher& tea,const QString& filePath);
    void saveXml_writer(const Teacher& tea,const QString& filePath);
    void saveXml_tinyxml2(const Teacher& tea,const QString& filePath);

    void loadXml_doc(Student& stu,const QString& filePath);
    void loadXml_tinyxml2(Student& stu,const QString& filePath);

    void loadXml_doc(Teacher& tea,const QString& filePath);
    void loadXml_tinyxml2(Teacher& tea,const QString& filePath);


signals:
};

#endif // XML_EXAMPLE1_H

2.2 .cpp文件

#include "xml_example1.h"

Xml_Example1::Xml_Example1(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_doc(const Student &stu, const QString &filePath)
{
    QDomDocument doc;
    // 创建根节点
    QDomElement root = doc.createElement("Student");
    doc.appendChild(root);

    // 创建子节点并设置属性
    QDomElement id = doc.createElement("ID");
    id.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_id)));
    root.appendChild(id);

    QDomElement name = doc.createElement("Name");
    name.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(stu.s_name));
    root.appendChild(name);

    QDomElement math_score = doc.createElement("MathScore");
    math_score.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_math_score)));
    root.appendChild(math_score);

    QDomElement english_score = doc.createElement("EnglishScore");
    english_score.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_english_score)));
    root.appendChild(english_score);

    // 保存到文件
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text)) {
        qDebug() << "Failed to open file for writing.";
        return;
    }

    QTextStream out(&file);
    // out.setCodec("UTF-8");
    doc.save(out, 4);
    file.close();
}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_writer(const Student &stu, const QString &filePath)
{
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text)) {
        qDebug() << "Failed to open file for writing.";
        return;
    }
    QXmlStreamWriter xmlWriter(&file);
    xmlWriter.setAutoFormatting(true); // 设置自动格式化，使XML文档更易读

    xmlWriter.writeStartDocument();
    xmlWriter.writeStartElement("Student");

    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("ID", QString::number(stu.s_id));
    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("Name", stu.s_name);
    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("MathScore", QString::number(stu.s_math_score));
    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("EnglishScore", QString::number(stu.s_english_score));

    xmlWriter.writeEndElement(); // 结束Student节点
    xmlWriter.writeEndDocument();

    file.close();
}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_tinyxml2(const Student &stu, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建一个 XML 文档对象
    tinyxml2::XMLDocument doc;

    // 创建根节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement* root = doc.NewElement("Student");
    doc.InsertEndChild(root);

    // 添加学生信息作为子节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement* idElement = doc.NewElement("ID");
    idElement->SetText(stu.s_id);
    root->InsertEndChild(idElement);

    tinyxml2::XMLElement* nameElement = doc.NewElement("Name");
    nameElement->SetText(stu.s_name.toStdString().c_str());
    root->InsertEndChild(nameElement);

    tinyxml2::XMLElement* mathScoreElement = doc.NewElement("MathScore");
    mathScoreElement->SetText(stu.s_math_score);
    root->InsertEndChild(mathScoreElement);

    tinyxml2::XMLElement* englishScoreElement = doc.NewElement("EnglishScore");
    englishScoreElement->SetText(stu.s_english_score);
    root->InsertEndChild(englishScoreElement);

    // 保存 XML 文档到文件
    doc.SaveFile(filePath.toStdString().c_str());

}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_doc(const Teacher &tea, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建 QDomDocument 对象
    QDomDocument doc;

    // 创建根元素 <Teacher>
    QDomElement root = doc.createElement("Teacher");
    doc.appendChild(root);

    // 创建子元素 <ID> 和 <Name>，并添加到 <Teacher> 中
    QDomElement idElement = doc.createElement("ID");
    QDomText idText = doc.createTextNode(QString::number(tea.t_id));
    idElement.appendChild(idText);
    root.appendChild(idElement);

    QDomElement nameElement = doc.createElement("Name");
    QDomText nameText = doc.createTextNode(tea.t_name);
    nameElement.appendChild(nameText);
    root.appendChild(nameElement);

    // 创建子元素 <Student>，并添加到 <Teacher> 中
    for (const auto &stu : tea.t_students_v)
    {
        QDomElement studentElement = doc.createElement("Student");

        QDomElement stuIdElement = doc.createElement("ID");
        QDomText stuIdText = doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_id));
        stuIdElement.appendChild(stuIdText);
        studentElement.appendChild(stuIdElement);

        QDomElement stuNameElement = doc.createElement("Name");
        QDomText stuNameText = doc.createTextNode(stu.s_name);
        stuNameElement.appendChild(stuNameText);
        studentElement.appendChild(stuNameElement);

        QDomElement mathScoreElement = doc.createElement("MathScore");
        QDomText mathScoreText = doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_math_score));
        mathScoreElement.appendChild(mathScoreText);
        studentElement.appendChild(mathScoreElement);

        QDomElement englishScoreElement = doc.createElement("EnglishScore");
        QDomText englishScoreText = doc.createTextNode(QString::number(stu.s_english_score));
        englishScoreElement.appendChild(englishScoreText);
        studentElement.appendChild(englishScoreElement);

        root.appendChild(studentElement);
    }

    // 将 QDomDocument 写入文件
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text))
    {
        qDebug() << "无法打开文件" << filePath;
        return;
    }
    QTextStream out(&file);
    // out.setCodec("UTF-8");
    doc.save(out, 4); // 缩进格式为4
    file.close();

}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_writer(const Teacher &tea, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建文件对象
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text))
    {
        qDebug() << "无法打开文件" << filePath;
        return;
    }

    // 创建 XML 写入器
    QXmlStreamWriter xmlWriter(&file);
    xmlWriter.setAutoFormatting(true); // 设置自动格式化，便于阅读

    // 开始写入 XML
    xmlWriter.writeStartDocument();
    xmlWriter.writeStartElement("Teacher");

    // 写入教师信息
    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("ID", QString::number(tea.t_id));
    xmlWriter.writeTextElement("Name", tea.t_name);

    // 写入学生信息
    for (const auto &stu : tea.t_students_v)
    {
        xmlWriter.writeStartElement("Student");
        xmlWriter.writeTextElement("ID", QString::number(stu.s_id));
        xmlWriter.writeTextElement("Name", stu.s_name);
        xmlWriter.writeTextElement("MathScore", QString::number(stu.s_math_score));
        xmlWriter.writeTextElement("EnglishScore", QString::number(stu.s_english_score));
        xmlWriter.writeEndElement(); // 关闭<Student>节点
    }

    // 结束写入 XML
    xmlWriter.writeEndElement(); // 关闭<Teacher>节点
    xmlWriter.writeEndDocument();

    // 关闭文件
    file.close();
}

void Xml_Example1::saveXml_tinyxml2(const Teacher &tea, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建一个 XML 文档对象
    tinyxml2::XMLDocument doc;

    // 创建根节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement *root = doc.NewElement("Teacher");
    doc.InsertEndChild(root);

    // 添加教师信息作为子节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement *idElement = doc.NewElement("ID");
    idElement->SetText(tea.t_id);
    root->InsertEndChild(idElement);

    tinyxml2::XMLElement *nameElement = doc.NewElement("Name");
    nameElement->SetText(tea.t_name.toStdString().c_str());
    root->InsertEndChild(nameElement);

    // 添加学生信息作为子节点
    for (const auto &stu : tea.t_students_v)
    {
        tinyxml2::XMLElement *studentElement = doc.NewElement("Student");
        root->InsertEndChild(studentElement);

        tinyxml2::XMLElement *idElement = doc.NewElement("ID");
        idElement->SetText(stu.s_id);
        studentElement->InsertEndChild(idElement);

        tinyxml2::XMLElement *nameElement = doc.NewElement("Name");
        nameElement->SetText(stu.s_name.toStdString().c_str());
        studentElement->InsertEndChild(nameElement);

        tinyxml2::XMLElement *mathScoreElement = doc.NewElement("MathScore");
        mathScoreElement->SetText(stu.s_math_score);
        studentElement->InsertEndChild(mathScoreElement);

        tinyxml2::XMLElement *englishScoreElement = doc.NewElement("EnglishScore");
        englishScoreElement->SetText(stu.s_english_score);
        studentElement->InsertEndChild(englishScoreElement);
    }

    // 保存 XML 文档到文件
    doc.SaveFile(filePath.toStdString().c_str());
}

void Xml_Example1::loadXml_doc(Student &stu, const QString &filePath)
{
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
    {
        // 文件无法打开
        qDebug()<<"文件无法打开";
        return;
    }

    QDomDocument xml_doc;
    if (!xml_doc.setContent(&file))
    {
        // XML 解析失败
        qDebug()<<"XML 解析失败";
        file.close();
        return;
    }

    QDomElement root = xml_doc.documentElement();
    stu.s_id = root.firstChildElement("ID").text().toInt();
    stu.s_name = root.firstChildElement("Name").text();
    stu.s_math_score = root.firstChildElement("MathScore").text().toDouble();
    stu.s_english_score = root.firstChildElement("EnglishScore").text().toDouble();

    file.close();
}

void Xml_Example1::loadXml_tinyxml2(Student &stu, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建一个 XML 文档对象
    tinyxml2::XMLDocument doc;

    // 加载 XML 文件
    if(doc.LoadFile(filePath.toStdString().c_str()) != tinyxml2::XML_SUCCESS) {
        qDebug() << "Error loading XML file.";
        return;
    }

    // 获取根节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement* root = doc.FirstChildElement("Student");
    if(!root) {
        qDebug() << "Root element 'Student' not found.";
        return;
    }

    // 解析子节点并填充到Student对象
    stu.s_id = root->FirstChildElement("ID")->IntText();
    const char* name = root->FirstChildElement("Name")->GetText();
    stu.s_name = QString(name);

    stu.s_math_score = root->FirstChildElement("MathScore")->IntText();
    stu.s_english_score = root->FirstChildElement("EnglishScore")->IntText();

}

void Xml_Example1::loadXml_doc(Teacher &tea, const QString &filePath)
{
    QFile file(filePath);
    if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text))
    {
        // 文件无法打开
        qDebug()<<"文件无法打开";
        return;
    }

    QDomDocument xml_doc;
    if (!xml_doc.setContent(&file))
    {
        // XML 解析失败
        qDebug()<<"XML 解析失败";
        file.close();
        return;
    }
    QDomElement root = xml_doc.documentElement();
    tea.t_id=root.firstChildElement("ID").text().toInt();
    tea.t_name=root.firstChildElement("Name").text();

    QDomNodeList studentList = root.elementsByTagName("Student");
    for(int i=0; i<studentList.count(); i++)
    {
        QDomElement studentElement = studentList.at(i).toElement();
        Student student;
        student.s_id=(studentElement.firstChildElement("ID").text().toInt());
        student.s_name=(studentElement.firstChildElement("Name").text());
        student.s_math_score=(studentElement.firstChildElement("MathScore").text().toDouble());
        student.s_english_score=(studentElement.firstChildElement("EnglishScore").text().toDouble());

        // 将学生对象添加到教师对象中
        tea.t_students_v.append(student);
    }

}

void Xml_Example1::loadXml_tinyxml2(Teacher &tea, const QString &filePath)
{
    // 创建一个 XML 文档对象
    tinyxml2::XMLDocument doc;

    // 加载 XML 文件
    if(doc.LoadFile(filePath.toStdString().c_str()) != tinyxml2::XML_SUCCESS) {
        qDebug() << "Error loading XML file.";
        return;
    }

    // 获取根节点
    tinyxml2::XMLElement* root = doc.FirstChildElement("Teacher");
    if(!root) {
        qDebug() << "Root element 'Teacher' not found.";
        return;
    }

    // 解析子节点并填充到Teacher对象
    tea.t_id = root->FirstChildElement("ID")->IntText();
    tea.t_name = QString(root->FirstChildElement("Name")->GetText());

    // 读取每个学生的信息
    for(tinyxml2::XMLElement* student = root->FirstChildElement("Student"); student; student = student->NextSiblingElement("Student")) {

        Student s;

        // 解析学生的ID, Name, MathScore, 和 EnglishScore
        student->FirstChildElement("ID")->QueryIntText(&s.s_id);
        s.s_name = student->FirstChildElement("Name")->GetText();
        student->FirstChildElement("MathScore")->QueryDoubleText(&s.s_math_score);
        student->FirstChildElement("EnglishScore")->QueryDoubleText(&s.s_english_score);

        tea.t_students_v.append(s);
        // 将学生信息存储起来，这里的处理方式取决于具体的Teacher和Student的定义
        // 此处假设Teacher类和Student类已经定义，且有适当的方法来存储这些信息

    }


    // 获取学生节点
    // tinyxml2::XMLElement* studentElement = root->FirstChildElement("Students");
    // if(!studentElement) {
    //     qDebug() << "Element 'Students' not found.";
    //     return;
    // }

    // tinyxml2::XMLNode* studetsNode=root->

    // 解析学生节点
    // for(tinyxml2::XMLElement* studentNode = studentElement->FirstChildElement("Student");
    //      studentNode;
    //      studentNode = studentNode->NextSiblingElement("Student")) {

    //     Student stu;
    //     stu.s_id = studentNode->FirstChildElement("ID")->IntText();
    //     stu.s_name = QString(studentNode->FirstChildElement("Name")->GetText());
    //     stu.s_math_score = studentNode->FirstChildElement("MathScore")->DoubleText();
    //     stu.s_english_score = studentNode->FirstChildElement("EnglishScore")->DoubleText();

    //     // 将学生添加到老师的学生列表中
    //     tea.t_students_v.push_back(stu);
    // }
}

3.测试

#include "widget.h"

#include <QApplication>
#include"xml_example1.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.show();

    Xml_Example1 x_e;
    Student stu;
    stu.s_id = 1;
    stu.s_name = "张三";
    stu.s_math_score = 90.5;
    stu.s_english_score = 85.3;

    Student stu2;
    stu2.s_id = 1;
    stu2.s_name = "张埃里克";
    stu2.s_math_score = 90.5;
    stu2.s_english_score = 85.3;


    Teacher t;
    t.t_id=11;
    t.t_name="tea";
    t.t_students_v.append(stu);
    t.t_students_v.append(stu2);

    x_e.saveXml_doc(stu, "student_doc.xml");
    x_e.saveXml_writer(stu, "student_writer.xml");
    x_e.saveXml_tinyxml2(stu, "student_tinyxml2.xml");

    x_e.saveXml_doc(t, "teacher_doc.xml");
    x_e.saveXml_writer(t, "teacher_writer.xml");
    x_e.saveXml_tinyxml2(t, "teacher_tinyxml2.xml");

    Student s3;
    // x_e.loadXml_doc(s3,"student_doc.xml");
    x_e.loadXml_tinyxml2(s3,"student_tinyxml2.xml");
    // qDebug()<<s3.s_name<<s3.s_english_score<<s3.s_math_score<<s3.s_id;

    Teacher t3;
    x_e.loadXml_doc(t3,"teacher_tinyxml2.xml");
    qDebug()<<t3.t_id<<t3.t_name<<t3.t_students_v.size();
    return a.exec();
}

4.效果图

 到此这篇关于Qt xml操作的实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Qt xml操作内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

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