在centos7中分布式部署pyspider
作者：howie6879
PySpider：一个国人编写的强大的网络爬虫系统并带有强大的WebUI。采用Python语言编写，分布式架构，支持多种数据库后端，强大的WebUI支持脚本编辑器，任务监视器，项目管理器以及结果查看器。
1.搭建环境：
系统版本：Linux centos-linux.shared 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Jun 30 12:09:22 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
python版本：Python 3.5.1
1.1.搭建python3环境：
本人在尝试过后选择集成环境Anaconda
1.1.1.编译
# 下载依赖 yum install -y ncurses-devel openssl openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc make glibc-devel libffi-devel glibc-static glibc-utils sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-deve # 下载python版本 wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.1/Python-3.5.1.tgz # 或者使用国内源 wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/python/3.5.1/Python-3.5.1.tgz mv Python-3.5.1.tgz /usr/local/src;cd /usr/local/src # 解压 tar -zxf Python-3.5.1.tgz;cd Python-3.5.1 # 编译安装 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.5 --enable-shared make && make install # 建立软链接 ln -s /usr/local/python3.5/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 echo "/usr/local/python3.5/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/python3.5.conf ldconfig # 验证python3 python3 # Python 3.5.1 (default, Oct 9 2016, 11:44:24) # [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-4)] on linux # Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. # >>> # pip /usr/local/python3.5/bin/pip3 install --upgrade pip ln -s /usr/local/python3.5/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip # 本人在安装时出现问题 将pip重装 wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --no-check-certificate python get-pip.py
1.1.2.集成环境anaconda
# 集成环境anaconda(推荐) wget https://repo.continuum.io/archive/Anaconda3-4.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh # 直接安装即可 ./Anaconda3-4.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh # 若出错，可能是解压失败 yum install bzip2
1.2.安装mariaDB
# 安装 yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server # 启动 systemctl start mariadb # 设置为开机启动 systemctl enable mariadb # 配置密码 默认为空 mysql_secure_installation # 登录 mysql -u root -p # 创建一个用户 自己设定账户密码 CREATE USER 'user_name'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_pass'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user_name'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION; CREATE USER 'user_name'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_pass'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user_name'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
1.3.安装pyspider
本人使用Anaconda
# 搭建虚拟环境sbird python版本3.* conda create -n sbird python=3* # 进入环境 source activate sbird # 安装pyspider pip install pyspider # 报错 # it does not exist. The exported locale is "en_US.UTF-8" but it is not supported # 执行 可写入.bashrc export LC_ALL=en_US.utf-8 export LANG=en_US.utf-8 #ImportError: pycurl: libcurl link-time version (7.29.0) is older than compile-time version (7.49.0) conda install pycurl # 退出 source deactivate sbird # 若在虚拟机内 出现无法访问localhost:5000 可关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld.service #########直接运行源码============== mkdir git;cd git # 下载 git clone https://github.com/binux/pyspider.git # 安装 /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py
其他方法
# 搭建虚拟环境 pip install virtualenv mkdir python;cd python # 创建虚拟环境pyenv3 virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3 pyenv3 # 进入虚拟环境 激活环境 cd pyenv3/ source ./bin/activate pip install pyspider # 若pycurl报错 yum install libcurl-devel # 继续 pip install pyspider # 关闭 deactivate
本人推荐用anaconda方式安装
若pyspider运行过程中出现错误，参考anaconda安装部分，至此，访问localhost:5000可看到页面。
1.4.安装Supervisor
# 安装 yum install supervisor -y # 若无法检索 则添加阿里的epel源 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo # 添加以下内容 [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/epel/7/$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 [epel-debuginfo] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 [epel-source] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/epel/7/SRPMS failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 # 安装 yum install supervisor -y # 测试是否安装成功 echo_supervisord_conf
1.4.1.Supervisor用法
supervisord #supervisor的服务器端部分 启动 supervisorctl #启动supervisor的命令行窗口 # 假设创建进程pyspider01 vim /etc/supervisord.d/pyspider01.ini # 写入以下内容 [program:pyspider01] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/pyspider01.log # 重载 supervisorctl reload # 启动 supervisorctl start pyspider01 # 也可这样启动 supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf # 查看状态 supervisorctl status # output pyspider01 RUNNING pid 4026, uptime 0:02:40 # 关闭 supervisorctl shutdown
1.5.安装redis
# 消息队列采用redis mkdir download;cd download wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.4.tar.gz tar xzf redis-3.2.4.tar.gz cd redis-3.2.4 make # 或者直接yum安装 yum -y install redis # 启动 systemctl start redis.service # 重启 systemctl restart redis.service # 停止 systemctl stop redis.service # 查看状态 systemctl status redis.service # 更改文件/etc/redis.conf vim /etc/redis.conf # 更改内容 daemonize no 改为 daemonize yes bind 127.0.0.1 改为 bind 10.211.55.22(当前服务器ip) # 重启redis systemctl restart redis.service
1.6.关于自启动
# Supervisor添加到自启动服务 systemctl enable supervisord.service # redis添加到自启动服务 systemctl enable redis.service # 关闭防火墙自启动 systemctl disable firewalld.service
至此，pyspider单个服务器运行环境搭建且部署完毕，启动localhost:5000进入web界面。
也可编写脚本运行，在/pyspider/supervisor/pyspider01.log查看运行状态。
2.分布式部署
刚才配置的服务器，将其命名为centos01，按照这样的配置，再分别部署两台centos02、centos03。
如下：
服务器名称 ip 说明
centos01 10.211.55.22 redis,mariaDB, scheduler centos02 10.211.55.23 fetcher, processor, result_worker,phantomjs centos03 10.211.55.24 fetcher, processor,,result_worker,webui
2.1.centos01
进入服务器centos01，经过第一步，基本环境已经搭好，首先编辑配置文件/pyspider/config.json
{
"taskdb": "mysql+taskdb://user_name:user_pass@10.211.55.22:3306/taskdb",
"projectdb": "mysql+projectdb://user_name:user_pass@10.211.55.22:3306/projectdb",
"resultdb": "mysql+resultdb://user_name:user_pass@10.211.55.22:3306/resultdb",
"message_queue": "redis://10.211.55.22:6379/db",
"logging-config": "/pyspider/logging.conf",
"phantomjs-proxy":"10.211.55.23:25555",
"webui": {
"username": "",
"password": "",
"need-auth": false,
"host":"10.211.55.24",
"port":"5000",
"scheduler-rpc":"http:// 10.211.55.22:5002",
"fetcher-rpc":"http://10.211.55.23:5001"
},
"fetcher": {
"xmlrpc":true,
"xmlrpc-host": "0.0.0.0",
"xmlrpc-port": "5001"
},
"scheduler": {
"xmlrpc":true,
"xmlrpc-host": "0.0.0.0",
"xmlrpc-port": "5002"
}
}
尝试运行下：
/root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json scheduler # 报错 ImportError: No module named 'mysql' # 下载 mysql-connector-python cd ~/git/ git clone https://github.com/mysql/mysql-connector-python.git # 安装 source activate sbird cd mysql-connector-python python setup.py install # 安装redis pip install redis source deactivate # 运行 /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json scheduler # 输出 ok [I 161010 15:57:25 scheduler:644] scheduler starting... [I 161010 15:57:25 scheduler:779] scheduler.xmlrpc listening on 0.0.0.0:5002 [I 161010 15:57:25 scheduler:583] in 5m: new:0,success:0,retry:0,failed:0
运行成功后，可直接更改/etc/supervisord.d/pyspider01.ini如下：
[program:pyspider01] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json scheduler directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/pyspider01.log # 重载 supervisorctl reload # 查看状态 supervisorctl status
centos01部署完毕。
2.2.centos02
在centos02中，需要运行result_worker、processor、phantomjs、fetcher
分别建立文件：
/etc/supervisord.d/result_worker.ini [program:result_worker] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json result_worker directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/result_worker.log /etc/supervisord.d/processor.ini [program:processor] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json processor directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/processor.log /etc/supervisord.d/phantomjs.ini [program:phantomjs] command = /pyspider/phantomjs --config=/pyspider/pjsconfig.json /pyspider/phantomjs_fetcher.js 25555 directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/phantomjs.log /etc/supervisord.d/fetcher.ini [program:fetcher] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json fetcher directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/fetcher.log
在pyspider目录中建立pjsconfig.json
{
/*--ignore-ssl-errors=true */
"ignoreSslErrors": true,
/*--ssl-protocol=true */
"sslprotocol": "any",
/* Same as: --output-encoding=utf8 */
"outputEncoding": "utf8",
/* persistent Cookies. */
/*cookiesfile="e:/phontjscookies.txt",*/
cookiesfile="pyspider/phontjscookies.txt",
/* load image */
autoLoadImages = false
}
下载phantomjs至/pyspider/文件夹，将git/pyspider/pyspider/fetcher/phantomjs_fetcher.js复制到phantomjs_fetcher.js
# 重载 supervisorctl reload # 查看状态 supervisorctl status # output fetcher RUNNING pid 3446, uptime 0:00:07 phantomjs RUNNING pid 3448, uptime 0:00:07 processor RUNNING pid 3447, uptime 0:00:07 result_worker RUNNING pid 3445, uptime 0:00:07
centos02部署完毕。
2.3.centos03
部署这三个进程fetcher, processor, result_worker和centos02 一样，本服务器主要是在前面的基础上加上webui
建立文件：
/etc/supervisord.d/webui.ini [program:webui] command = /root/anaconda3/envs/sbird/bin/python /root/git/pyspider/run.py -c /pyspider/config.json webui directory = /root/git/pyspider user = root process_name = %(program_name)s autostart = true autorestart = true startsecs = 3 redirect_stderr = true stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 500MB stdout_logfile_backups = 10 stdout_logfile = /pyspider/supervisor/webui.log # 重载 supervisorctl reload # 查看状态 supervisorctl status # output fetcher RUNNING pid 2724, uptime 0:00:07 processor RUNNING pid 2725, uptime 0:00:07 result_worker RUNNING pid 2723, uptime 0:00:07 webui RUNNING pid 2726, uptime 0:00:07
3.总结
访问 http://10.211.55.24:5000 即可，尽情爬取吧。