JS实现颜色梯度与渐变效果完整实例
作者：芸&鱼儿
这篇文章主要介绍了JS实现颜色梯度与渐变效果,结合完整实例形式分析了js颜色渐变所涉及的数学运算与页面样式动态操作相关技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
本文实例讲述了JS实现颜色梯度与渐变效果的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
运行效果图如下：
完整实例代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>JavaScript 颜色梯度和渐变效果</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var $ = function (id) {
return "string" == typeof id ? document.getElementById(id) : id;
};
var Extend = function(destination, source) {
for (var property in source) {
destination[property] = source[property];
}
return destination;
}
var Map = function(array, callback, thisObject){
if(array.map){
return array.map(callback, thisObject);
}else{
var res = [];
for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) { res.push(callback.call(thisObject, array[i], i, array)); }
return res;
}
}
var ColorGrads = function(options){
this.SetOptions(options);
this.StartColor = this.options.StartColor;
this.EndColor = this.options.EndColor;
this.Step = Math.abs(this.options.Step);
};
ColorGrads.prototype = {
//设置默认属性
SetOptions: function(options) {
this.options = {//默认值
StartColor: "#fff",//开始颜色
EndColor: "#000",//结束颜色
Step: 20//渐变级数
};
Extend(this.options, options || {});
},
//获取渐变颜色集合
Create: function() {
var colors = [],
startColor = this.GetColor(this.StartColor),
endColor = this.GetColor(this.EndColor),
stepR = (endColor[0] - startColor[0]) / this.Step,
stepG = (endColor[1] - startColor[1]) / this.Step,
stepB = (endColor[2] - startColor[2]) / this.Step;
//生成颜色集合
for(var i = 0, n = this.Step, r = startColor[0], g = startColor[1], b = startColor[2]; i < n; i++){
colors.push([r, g, b]); r += stepR; g += stepG; b += stepB;
}
colors.push(endColor);
//修正颜色值
return Map(colors, function(x){ return Map(x, function(x){
return Math.min(Math.max(0, Math.floor(x)), 255);
});});
},
//获取颜色数据
GetColor: function(color) {
if(/^#[0-9a-f]{6}$/i.test(color))
{//#rrggbb
return Map([color.substr(1, 2), color.substr(3, 2), color.substr(5, 2)],
function(x){ return parseInt(x, 16); }
)
}
else if(/^#[0-9a-f]{3}$/i.test(color))
{//#rgb
return Map([color.substr(1, 1), color.substr(2, 1), color.substr(3, 1)],
function(x){ return parseInt(x + x, 16); }
)
}
else if(/^rgb(.*)$/i.test(color))
{//rgb(n,n,n) or rgb(n%,n%,n%)
return Map(color.match(/\d+(\.\d+)?\%?/g),
function(x){ return parseInt(x.indexOf("%") > 0 ? parseFloat(x, 10) * 2.55 : x, 10); }
)
}
else
{//color
var mapping = {"red":"#FF0000"};//略
color = mapping[color.toLowerCase()];
if(color){
return Map([color.substr(1, 2), color.substr(3, 2), color.substr(5, 2)],
function(x){ return parseInt(x, 16); }
)
}
}
}
};
var CurrentStyle = function(element){
return element.currentStyle || document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(element, null);
}
var Bind = function(object, fun) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments).slice(2);
return function() {
return fun.apply(object, args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
}
}
//渐变对象
var ColorTrans = function(obj, options){
this._obj = $(obj);
this._timer = null;//定时器
this._index = 0;//索引
this._colors = [];//颜色集合
this._grads = new ColorGrads();
this.SetOptions(options);
this.Speed = Math.abs(this.options.Speed);
this.CssColor = this.options.CssColor;
this._startColor = this.options.StartColor || CurrentStyle(this._obj)[this.CssColor];
this._endColor = this.options.EndColor;
this._step = Math.abs(this.options.Step);
this.Reset();
this.SetColor();
};
ColorTrans.prototype = {
//设置默认属性
SetOptions: function(options) {
this.options = {//默认值
StartColor: "",//开始颜色
EndColor: "#000",//结束颜色
Step: 20,//渐变级数
Speed: 20,//渐变速度
CssColor: "color"//设置属性（Scripting属性）
};
Extend(this.options, options || {});
},
//重设颜色集合
Reset: function(color) {
//修改颜色后必须重新获取颜色集合
color = Extend({ StartColor: this._startColor, EndColor: this._endColor, Step: this._step }, color || {});
//设置属性
this._grads.StartColor = this._startColor = color.StartColor;
this._grads.EndColor = this._endColor = color.EndColor;
this._grads.Step = this._step = color.Step;
//获取颜色集合
this._colors = this._grads.Create();
this._index = 0;
},
//颜色渐入
FadeIn: function() {
this.Stop(); this._index++; this.SetColor();
if(this._index < this._colors.length - 1){
this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.FadeIn), this.Speed);
}
},
//颜色渐出
FadeOut: function() {
this.Stop(); this._index--; this.SetColor();
if(this._index > 0){
this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.FadeOut), this.Speed);
}
},
//颜色设置
SetColor: function() {
var color = this._colors[Math.min(Math.max(0, this._index), this._colors.length - 1)];
this._obj.style[this.CssColor] = "rgb(" + color[0] + "," + color[1] + "," + color[2] + ")";
},
//停止
Stop: function() {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
}
};
</script>
</head>
<body>
<style type="text/css">
#idGrads{}
#idGrads div{ font-size:0;height:1px;}
</style>
<div id="idGrads"> </div>
<script>
var forEach = function(array, callback, thisObject){
if(array.forEach){
array.forEach(callback, thisObject);
}else{
for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) { callback.call(thisObject, array[i], i, array); }
}
}
var colors = new ColorGrads({ StartColor: "#fff", EndColor: "rgb(20,127,0)" }).Create();
forEach(colors.concat().concat(colors.reverse()), function(x){
$("idGrads").innerHTML += "<div style=\"background-color:"+"rgb(" + x[0] + "," + x[1] + "," + x[2] + ");\"></div>";
})
</script>
<Br />
<Br />
<style type="text/css">
#idMenu{ background:#DBDBDB;text-align:center;line-height:25px; table-layout:fixed;}
#idMenu td{ cursor:pointer;}
</style>
<table id="idMenu" width="600" border="0" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td onclick="location.href='#'">Cropper</td>
<td onclick="location.href='#'">Tween</td>
<td onclick="location.href='#'">Slider</td>
<td onclick="location.href='#'">Resize</td>
<td onclick="location.href='#'">Drag</td>
</tr>
</table>
<script>
forEach($("idMenu").getElementsByTagName("td"), function(x, i){
var ct1 = new ColorTrans(x, { StartColor: "#666", EndColor: "#fff" });
var ct2 = new ColorTrans(x, { StartColor: "#f6f6f6", EndColor: "rgb(20,150,0)", CssColor: "backgroundColor" });
x.onmouseover = function(){ ct1.FadeIn(); ct2.FadeIn(); }
x.onmouseout = function(){ ct1.FadeOut(); ct2.FadeOut(); }
})
</script>
<Br />
<Br />
<div id="idRandom" style="padding:10px;color:#fff; background-color:#CCC;">点击随机换颜色</div>
<script>
var ctRandom = new ColorTrans("idRandom", { EndColor: "#CCC", CssColor: "backgroundColor" })
$("idRandom").onclick = function(){
var rgb = Map([1,1,1], function(){ return Math.floor((Math.random() * 255)); } );
ctRandom.Reset({ StartColor: this.style.backgroundColor, EndColor: "rgb(" + rgb[0] + "," + rgb[1] + "," + rgb[2] + ")" })
ctRandom.FadeIn();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
PS：这里再为大家推荐几款本站的相关在线工具：
在线RGB、HEX颜色代码生成器：
http://tools.jb51.net/color/rgb_color_generator
RGB颜色查询对照表_颜色代码表_颜色的英文名称大全：
http://tools.jb51.net/color/jPicker
在线网页调色板工具：
http://tools.jb51.net/color/color_picker
在线颜色选择器工具/RGB颜色查询对照表：
http://tools.jb51.net/color/colorpicker
更多关于JavaScript相关内容可查看本站专题：《JavaScript切换特效与技巧总结》、《JavaScript查找算法技巧总结》、《JavaScript动画特效与技巧汇总》、《JavaScript错误与调试技巧总结》、《JavaScript数据结构与算法技巧总结》、《JavaScript遍历算法与技巧总结》及《JavaScript数学运算用法总结》
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。